PURCOMM Flashcards
You need to be discriminating also because your note card could only take ____________________ that provide direct answers to support your thesis statement
secondary data
______________________________ data need to quoted, and their sources need to be cited in a research.
Relevant Secondary
is one skill that we should develop and master as a researcher
Note Taking
It is our means of building up proofs and evidences in order to make our research credible and scholarly.
Note Taking
It is use to put flesh into our tentative outline or it is the basis in outlining our ideas.
Note taking
Advantages of Note Taking
- Develops our habit of critical reading and advance organizing
- Most likely to avoid plagiarizing data
is an offense you commit when you use words and ideas without properly acknowledging the sources.
Plagiarism
Two Types of Plagiarism
Plagiarism of Language
Plagiarism of Ideas
it happens when you lift verbatim part of an article or copy an entire article
Plagiarism of Language
It happens when you summarize, paraphrase or reorganize the presentation of ideas
Plagiarism of Ideas
Roth in (1999) offers the following criteria in checking the quality of your notes:
a. Legibility
b. Accuracy
c. Completeness
it means writing clearly
Legibility
it means correctness of data
Accuracy
thoroughness on you part as a researcher
Completeness
notes are lifted verbatim, or word-for-word from the original.
- it should be enclosed with quotation marks.
- this is useful for facts and statistical data, and for statements from credible authorities.
Direct Quotation
or the quotation which is run within the text, used when the quoted line is not more than six paragraph
Run in
from the text or the quotation or indented from the original text line used when the quoted line is more than six sentences.
Set off
is rendered in your own words
the most concise manners.
Summary
is a restatement of the original in about the same number of words
Paraphrase
- the length of an ideal summary should be ________________________ of the original.
(1/3) or one-fourth (1/4)
Identify type of reference material
Title, Author, Edition, Publisher and Place, Copyright date, Page number, Information used from this source
Books
Identify type of reference material
Title of the article, Author of the article, Title of the magazine, Journal or Newspaper, Volume number, Page Numbers, Date of article, Information used from this source
Magazines
uses the author’s last name and the year of publication
APA in text citation style
Ways to avoid plagiarism
- by quoting
- by paraphrasing
- by summarizing
Copy the passage in verbatim, place those words in quotation marks, and the cite the source you found the quote from
quoting
Restate the information from a source using your own words. One way to this is to use attributive tag.
Paraphrasing
Include only the main idea of a source in your words , leaving out specific details
Summarizing
is a modern system for in- text citation in your research paper.
Parenthetical documentation-
is a tentative list of reference materials you need to consult for your research study
Working Bibliography-
Preparing a ___________________ helps you document materials that you would most likely cite and consult for your research
working bibliography
The revised list is the final _________________.
The bibliographical entries in a final bibliography are arranged in _______________________ sequenced based on the authors’ surnames or, in their absence, based on the titles of the reference materials
bibliography, alphabetical order
is one of the most popular citation styles used for college research
American Psychological Association Citation Style
A standard book citation is in the following order:
Authors’ name(family name, first and middle names initials)
Year of Publication
Book Title
Place of Publication
Publishing Company
A standard journal or periodical article citation is in the following order
Authors’ name (family name, first and middle names initials)
Date of Publication (month and year)
Title of the article
Name of the journal or periodical
Volume number
Page numbers of the article
3 Purposes of Working Bibliography
- a directory of reference material
- an acknowledgement page of authorities quoted
- an evidence of theoretical foundations
Select a topic
Formulate a working thesis statement
Prepare preliminary questions
Find cross sectioned sources
Create a timeline
Design a system to organize and take notes
Outline your paper
Develop your thesis statement
Revise
Edit
Check documentation
Steps in arriving at an academic paper
List of all sources you used in your paper
Supports your paper
Should be latest edition
REFERENCE
Research Paper Involves
Gathering data
Forming hypothesis
Testing of hypothesis
Forming a new theory
Confirming an existing one
Research Paper Structure
Literature Review
Methodology
Findings
Analysis
Types of Research
Survey/questionnaire(quantitative)
Observation(qualitative)
Characteristics of a good paragraph
Discourse
Narration
Description
Exposition
Argumentation
comes from the Latin word discursus, which means “running to and fro.” the physical act of transferring information “to and fro,” the way a runner might
Discourse
It simply tells a story. And in the process of telling a story a description can be a helping device to make the story more interesting .
NARRATION
Expresses what the author actually sees, feels, touches, tastes and smells and other sense of impressions, that he/she experiences toward a person, thing and other animate or inanimate objects. The author usually uses adjectives, participles and other modifiers.
DESCRIPTION
is a type of discourse intended to give information about (or an explanation of) an issue, subject, method, or idea.
EXPOSITION
A type of discourse that centers on a thesis. Used for proposing a solution or defending a proposal or criticizing existing practices, systems and approaches.
ARGUMENTATION
