Pupillary and Visual field examination Flashcards
What can proper pupillary evaluation reveal?
iris muscle or nerve damage, optic nerve or retinal pathology, and diseases affecting the visual pathway and the brain
How many procedures are used in pupillary evaluation and what are they
4.
The first 3 include measurement of pupil size in dim illumination, speed of pupil constriction when a bright light is directed into the eyes, and pupillary response to a near fixation. The 4th is the swinging light test.
A test used to define normal binocular pupillary response to a light stimulus; the direct and consensual pupillary reaction
Swinging-light test
A reflexive reaction occurring when a light is directed into one pupil; the normal response is constriction
Direct pupillary reaction
A reflexive reaction occurring when a light is directed into one pupil and the pupil of the opposite eye simultaneously and equally reacts
Consensual pupillary reaction
A pupil with normal iris function that fails to constrict normally with direct light stimulation but reacts strongly consensually, or when the fellow eye is stimulated is called an
Afferent pupillary defect (APD)
The ________ examination measures the expanse and sensitivity of vision surrounding the direct line of sight (peripheral vision)
Visual Field
Defects in peripheral vision are often ______ and often go ________ by a patient
subtle, unnoticed
What are the 2 techniques used in the comprehensive exam for VF testing?
Confrontation visual field testing, Amsler grid testing
A test comparing the gross boundaries of the patient’s field of vision with that of the examiner, who is presumed to have a normal field is the
Confrontation field test
A test for determining the presence and location of defects in the central portion of the vision field is the
Amsler grid test
