Punishing or Pampering the South? Presidential and Radical Reconstruction Flashcards
Reconstruction- reuniting a nation torn
southern view of defeat
who? when? what? significance?
A southern view of defeat
who- alexander stephens
when- april 1866
what- stephans answers questions on Georgia’s position after war. He says that they are accepting defeat but aren’t ok with black suffrage.
significance- has to do with what kind of approach the Union should take when re-emitting states back into the Union
a snapshot of america, 1865
30 million people 9-13 million in the south before industrialism been torn apart by civil war the south was rebellious which raises the question- easy or hard?
presidential reconstruction- the “gentle approach”
Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863)
-Southern states could not have constitutionally seceded from the Union and had to meet min. standards before they regained rights
-Accept abolition of slavery
-New governments could be formed when 10% who could vote swore an oath of allegiance to US- 10 percent plan
-Members could elect members to have seats in congress
Lincoln was the racial moderate
-colonizationists believed that the slaves should be free but shipped back to Africa
-assassination makes people more interested in the tough approach
-10% loyalty
-We recognize slavery is unconstitutional- 13th amendment
-Abe said he did not want slavery to extend the borders of the S
Andrew Johnson- continuing Lincoln’s “gentle approach”
- southerner- he remained loyal to the North
- had no interest in slavery- hated it because only rich -people had them
- hated plantation owners
- the rich southerners had to go to Johnson themselves to gain citizenship back
Radical Reconstruction- the “get tough” approach
who? when? what? significance?
who? congressman Thaddeus Stevens demands a radical reconstruction
when? 1867
what? thaddeus talks about why they need black suffrage because the black will be loyal- without it the southerners will pick traitors to rule; every man has an equal right to justice
significance- leads to the 15th amendment of black suffrage, shows the view of the radical republicans
Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner- radical republicans
thinks he’s not being hard enough against slavery
(once southern states were re-joining the union, they were electing their old people for office)
hated black codes- limit black people to keep them and create slavery
black codes and ex confederates
Wanted to reproduce slavery as closely as they could
Black ppl can’t travel without permission of employee
Can’t be unemployed
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
13th amendment- outlaws slavery
14th amendment- gives them citizenship
15th- blacks allowed to vote
Radicals set up government bureaucracy- freedmen’s bureau
Provide food and support for people Monitors elections Protecting former slaves from owners Not popular in south Johnson hated this
Impeaching Andrew Johnson
Radicals want to get rid of Johnson- redemption
Tenure Office Act, 1867- the prez can’t fire anyone in his cabinet
Johnson wanted to fire Edwin Stanton (radical)
Johnson fired people anyway
Try to impeach them but he was 1 vote away from being impeached
Redemption- the white south regains power
who? when? what? significance?
Louisiana black codes
who? louisiana
when? 1865
what? black codes were the southern state’s way of keeping slavery. They placed restrictions on Blacks that made them not have rights or freedoms.
significance? this was in response to Lincoln and Johnson’s soft approach to bringing southern states into the union
KKK and the intimidation of black male voters
violence to suppress black vote
reconstruction fatigue in the north
stopped caring
they are racist too
economic depression
An appeal from southern blacks
who? when? what? significance?
who? freedmen of Virginia
when? 1865
what? plea to the union to give them the rights that they had promised
significance? shows how the south had the power to create slavery in a different way, and the union went on with their lives
compromise of 1877
Rutherford B. Hayes
-Gets fewer votes, but gets recount
-Thrown to House of Reps- pick Hayes
-Pull remaining US army troops out of South
Democrats would support Hayes in exchange for the president appointing a Southerner to his cabinet, withdrawing the last federal troops from the South, and endorsing construction of a transcontinental RR though the South
-averted a crisis over presidential succession, underscored increased southern democratic influence within Congress, and marked the end to strong federal protection for African Americans in the South
