Emancipation and the African American and the Legacy of Conquest Flashcards
4 unique characteristics of Euro-American Slavery
there was always slavery among greeks, romans, etc.
they were often used as military labor
economic institution- making money
slaves could buy freedom- didn’t have to do with race, but conditions, like being captured from war
slavery in the south
slavery was a source of economic/political power
slavery and poor whites- the “social floor”
after the war: recreating the slave system without slavery
the end of slavery and the beginning of freedom
search for family
schools and education
establishing churches
-slaves were subjected to a kind of Christianity that was slanted in the direction of the white owner: “slaves obey your masters”
-later- church started to take a big role in black people’s lives
entering politics- 15th amendment- can vote and run for office
rise of sharecropping
who when what sig
who? Samuel Hyde
when? 1865
what? slaves want their own land- can’t have it because they have no money and the white people won’t help them. plantation owners offer jobs and are basically slaves again.
Blacks were free but without tools necessary to gain economic independence. Cotton dominated the post-war south.
significance? shows the problems of sharecropping and how it became another form of slavery. If the farmers had a bad season or wasn’t able to sell goods in profit then they would have to stay on land and farm again. This put them in debt and kept the plantation owner’s laborers on the farm.
-provide them with everything they need- house, mule, food, etc.
-no one making sure they do work
-split profits 50/50
-have to pay back stuff plantation owners give him
-debt–> peonage
Neil Young, AIM, and new attitudes about american indians
the romanticizing of indians
AIM- american indian movement
radical group of indians
heading west- why?
cheap land- homestead act of 1862
business opps
manifest destiny
opps for freedom
business opportunites
the rise of the corporate west cattle 1st multinational business out west cowboys unionized- go on strike army has to come bring peace to owners and cowboys general store owner was rich
manifest destiny
John Gast, 1872
idea that God/fate has fated the US to extend from sea to sea
conquering nature- some believed in it so much they believed the climate would shift
cheap land- homestead act of 1862
american dream
government gave away land instead of money
160 acre rectangle of their choice for $2.50
people come from all over the world to get this land
business opportunities- economic reasons
RR companies- sold land next to RR
opps for freedom
if you can get away from sharecropping then head west
the eradication school
Treaty of Fort Laramie- confined tribes s to designated areas to keep white settlers away
white settlers settle there anyway- government sided with whites anyway
sand creek massacre, fetterman massacre, little big horn
wanted to save the indians from the brutality and corrupt behavior they had endured - thought it was for their best interest
the assimilation school
the myth of the vanishing indian
re-educate indians with schooling, land policy and law, to make them civilized
try to preserve what we can of their culture
cultural murder
considered humane and progressive
forbidden to practice religion or speak language
“kill the indians, save the man”
Dawes Act
who when what sig
who? senator henry dawes
when? 1887
took reservation and divided into 160 acre chunk, each family got one
wanted to teach them how to be a farmer- american dream
pressure from land speculator
some tribes didn’t know how to farm
best land is sold to whites
land speculation problems- reaped profits from the sales- excess indian lands
had to go to boarding schools- taught women household skills and men vocational skills, given american names, still not equipped for ind. world
lack of compatibility of native lifestyles
sig- ended tribal rule, ruined culture, destroy Indian culture and society once and for all
Ghost Dance 1890
in deep desperation indians (lakota sioux) believed miraculous things would happen if they did this dance
custer chased them to wounded knee creek, confrontation with big foot, gunshot accidentally rang out and hundreds killed by soldiers
