Punctuation Flashcards
Use a ______ after an abbreviation or an initial. Note: When ALL letters in an abbreviation are _______, the —- is omitted.
Ex: Pres. Harry S. Truman
FBI
period, capitalized
Keep periods _____ quotation marks.
Ex: Alex said, “I will help.”
inside
In a statement that includes an _____ question, use a period instead of a question mark.
Ex: Kristen asked if she could go to a party.
indirect
If a polite request is written in the form of a _____, a period may be used at the end of the sentence.
ex: would you please answer the phone.
question
If a quotation is a question put the question mark _____ the quotation marks.
Ex: “Do you want to go to the movies?” asked Jeremy.
If not put the question mark ______ the quotation marks.
Ex: Who said, “Four score and seven years ago”?
within, outside
After a question mark, either in the middle of a sentence of end of a question do not use a ____ or _____.
Ex: “Do you want to go the movies?” asked Jeremy.
Who said, “For score and seven”?
period, comma
After an exclamation point within a sentence, omit a _____ or _______.
comma, period
Use ___ quotation marks when including a quotation within a quotation.
Ex: Sammy said, “My father always says, ‘Any plan is better than no plan.’”
single
Use quotation marks when referring to a _________
Ex: We use the term “shy” for the girl over there.
particular word
Use quotation marks when using a _______ written as part of a _____ name.
Ex: Tony “The Tiger” Lopez
nickname, formal
Use quotation marks to enclose the titles of ________, _______, episodes of radio and television programs, ______, and short poems.
Ex: My favorite song is “Super Freaky Girl”
short stories, essays, songs
Use a comma to set off _____, addresses, or _______. If a date appears in the middle of a sentence, the comma should also follow the year.
Ex: Samantha lives at 123 South Stree, Sacramento, California
dates, geographical names
Use a comma to separate a ___________ phrase or clause, one that may be omitted from a sentence without changing its _________.
Ex: Samantha, who grew up here, moved to austria after graduation.
non essential, meaning
Use a comma to set off an introductory ______, ______, or ________.
Ex: Yes, I agree.
When you finish your chores, come see me.
word, phrase, dependent clause
Use a comma after words of ______ at the beginning of a sentence.
Ex: Mark, go away.
direct address
Use a colon after an independent clause to direct attention to a _____.
Ex: The camper packed these items: a tent, matches, and a sleeping bag.
list
Use a colon to introduce a ___________. An independent clause MUST precede the colon. ______ the beginning of the quotation after the colon.
ex: Dr. Sum gave me this advice: “If you are going to lost weight,… go run.”
long quotation, Capitalize
Use a colon between two ________ clauses when the second clause _____ the first clause. Doesnt require a capital
Ex: This coat is my favorite: it is warm, waterproof, and good looking.
independent, restates
Do NOT use a colon immediately after a ______ or ________.
Ex: The cookie choices are: chocolate chip, nuts, and regular. (incorrect)
verb, preposition
Use a semicolon to separate clauses that already have ______
within them.
Ex: the winners were Kelly from San Roman, California; Eric for Helena, Montana; Monica from Boise Idaho; and Martin from Reno Nevada.
commas
For _____ add an apostraphe and s
Ex: CIA’s
abbreviation
In compound nouns, add the apostraphe and s to the ___ of the word.
Ex: sister-in-law’s
end
If two or more nouns are used together but each person possesses something _______ use an apostrophe and s at the end of each noun.
Ex: Sam’s and Katie’s purses are in the closet.
If two or more nouns indicate _______ possession, use an apostrophe and an s after the last noun in the list.
Ex: Sam and Katie’s house is there.
independently, shared
Use an apostrophe when letters are _____ from a word
Ex: Ne’er = never, o’re = over, o’clock = of the clock
omitted
Do not use an apostrophe is writing about _______ years.
Ex: The 1500s.
plural
Use a hyphen when spelling out ____ and in _____ from 21-99.
Ex: One-third, thirty-two
fractions, compound numbers
Use a hyphen with the prefixes _____, ___, and __
Ex: ex-roomate, self-help
ex, self, all
Use a hyphen with the suffix _______
elect
Use a hyphen to avoid ______
Ex: recreation re-creation
ambiguity
Use a hyphen with two or more words used together as an ______ before a noun.
Ex: third-class ticket
well-known author
If adjective is after a noun do not use a hyphen
adjective
Italicize electronic works such as the titles of ____. electronic databases, and electronic games
web sites
Italicize the names of _____, ships, and ______.
space craft, aircraft
Itacize foreign words. Do not ital foreign words that have become _____ parts of the english language.
standard
If the s makes an _____ sound or is an _______ name only add an apostrophe.
Ex: Jesus’, Zeus’
iz, ancient
