Pumps and ATPase

Question 1

role and function of kidneys

Answer 1

Kidneys balance the amount of fluid in the body and Main role is to dispose of waste products and turn into urine

Question 2

Where is EPO made

Answer 2

kidney - bit in liver

Question 3

antiporter

Answer 3

primary active transport across plasma membrane in opposite directions

Question 4

cotransporter

Answer 4

is a symporter that allows the transport of a solute and ion from one side of the membrane to the other at the same time

uses the conc gradient of one to power the other

Question 5

symporter

Answer 5

transport of 2 different molecules across CM in same direction

Question 6

where is sodium absorbed in the nephron

Answer 6

PCT, TAL, DCT andCD

Question 7

what hormone released by the Adrenal glands increase the amount of Na/K ATPase channel activity

Answer 7

aldosterone

Question 8

batter syndrome is rare inherited disease characterised by a defect in the thick ascending limb on Henley resulting in what

Answer 8

low potassium levels
alkalosis
normal low blood pressure

NKCC2, ROMK, CLCNKb
neonatal and classic

Individuals with Bartter Syndrome appear to be constantly on loop diuretics

Question 9

gitelman syndrome is a disorde causing imbalance of charged ions in DCT - features

Answer 9

low serum magnesium levels with low urianry calcium excretion - NCC

Question 10

what channels does the condition pseudohypoaldosteronism affect

characterised by unresponsiveness to aldosterone causing metabolic acidosis and normal GFR

Answer 10

ENaC

Question 11

Reabsorption of water by antidiuretic hormone ADH takes mainly place in which part of the nephron

Answer 11

CD

Question 12

where are there no aquaporins inserted

Answer 12

ALOH - impermeable to water to create osmotic gradient

Question 13

in the renal PCT - glucose transport takes place via 2 transporters GLUT 1 and 2 - what way does glucose move

Answer 13

from tubule to interstitum

Question 14

Loop diuretics work on the ALOH on the NKCC2 channels - under normal drug free conditions potassium back diffusion creates a positive luminal membrane that is a driving force for divalent cation reabsorption

what affects do loop diuretics cause

Answer 14

loss of sodium and water
hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
increase calcium loss

Normally when transporte working -potassium back leakage so positive cell membrane design factor for reabsorption of cation - so this process will be inhibited so increased calcium and magnesium loss