Pumps

Question 1

Fick’s Law

Answer 1

J = p(C1-C2)

Question 2

2 Differences Between Simple/Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 2

Simple is directly proportional to concentration gradient and has no Vmax

Question 3

2 ATP Powered Pump Classes (and 5 pumps in them)

Answer 3

P type - Na/K, Ca, H/K

F type - mt ATP synthase, vesicular and vacuolar proton ATPase

Question 4

Na/K Pump Mech

Answer 4

E1 open towards inside w/ ATP. 3Na bind -> hydrolysis -> occluded -> opens towards outside and E2. 3Na exit and 2K come in. P comes off -> occluded -> E1 and 2K exits and ATP binds

Question 5

Ouabain and Cardioglycans

Answer 5

Bind and trap Na/K pump in E2 state, changing Na gradient which changes Ca gradient generating stronger heartbeat

Question 6

2 Functions of Na/K ATPase

Answer 6

Generate Na and K gradients, to be used for APs and secondary active transport
Prevent cells from swelling and bursting

Question 7

4 Important Secondary Active Transporters

Answer 7

Na/Glucose (take up gluc into cell)
Na/Ca exchangers (remove Ca from cell)
NT Transporters (use Na to remove NTs from synapse)
Phsophate transporters to remove PO4 from renal tubules

Question 8

Na/Glucose Transporter Mech

Answer 8

Has 3 binding sites for 2 Na and 1 gluc, all 3 must be filled before switching conformation to inward facing to ensure coupling