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Pediatrics > Pulmonology > Flashcards

Pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

First investigation of stridor

A

Upper GI to look for structural abnormalities

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2
Q

Worst days of bronchiolitis

A

Day 3-4

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3
Q

Laryngomalacia

A

Congenital condition; lack of neural coordination of laryngeal muscles with suppraglottic structures tha hang over airway ( epiglottis, arytenoid cartilages). usually worse stridor in supine position, better in prone.

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4
Q

Relationship of GERD and laryngomalacia

A

Often GERD is associated. If prophylactically treat GERD, can improve laryngomalacia

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5
Q

What conditions is vocal cord paralysis associated with?

A

Cardiac abnormality, s/p surgery 2/2 damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve. Hydrocephalus or arnold chiari malformation can often cause b/l paralysis

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6
Q

Tracheomalacia

A

Produces expiratory stridor.

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7
Q

Rendu-Osler-Weber Syndrome

A

AD syndrome of telangectasias including pulmonary AVMs

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8
Q

What is the aspirin triad?

A

Allergy to ASA, nasal polyps, asthma

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9
Q

Jeune Syndrome

A

AR - short ribs, small rib cage and renal disease. Resp failure common

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10
Q

What is genetics of SMA?

A

AR

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11
Q

Which sinuses are present at birth?

A

maxillary and ethmoid?

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12
Q

When do sinuses develop?

A

front and sphenoid start to develop at 1-2 years but are not radiographically visible until 7-8

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13
Q

Remember* Rheumatic fever only occurs after GAS pharyngitis, but PSGN can occur after skin or pharyngitis

A

Remember

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14
Q

Strep throat criteria

A

Centor Criteria - no cough, fever, cervical LAD, tonsillar exudates. 0-1 no nee dfor antibiotics, 2-3 test, 4 treat with amox

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15
Q

Most common pathogens of retropharyngeal abscess

A

GAS, staph, oral anearobes

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16
Q

Antibiotic treatment for retropharyngeal abscess.

A

Unasyn, Amp and clinda

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17
Q

Treatment of ABPA

A

itraconazole and steroids

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18
Q

What percent of patients with asthma will outgrow symptoms by adulthood?

A

60% (severe asthma is 30%)

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19
Q

When are cleft lip and cleft palate usually repaired?

A

cleft lip 10 weeks, cleft palate 6-9months

20
Q

Do you remove thyroglossal duct cysts? how about lingual thyroid?

A

you do remove thyroglossal duct cysts. Can keep lingual thyroid

21
Q

At what age does laryngomalacia present?

A

2 weeks

22
Q

What syndrome are glottic webs associated with?

A

velocardiofacial syndrome

23
Q

If note pulmonary AV malformation, what syndrome should you think of?

A

Rendu - Osler - Weber syndrome

24
Q

What is eventration?

A

marked elevation of the diaphragm. Usually congenital but can be 2/2 phrenic n. injury as well. More commonly affects the left.

25
Q

What is the most common complication of a URI?

A

Otitis media

26
Q

AFter what infection does rheumatic fever occur?

A

Strep throat, not strep skin infection

27
Q

What are infectious indications for tonsillectomy

A

3 infections per year x 3 years, 4-5 infections in past 2 years, 5-7 infections in last year

28
Q

Treatment of epiglottitis

A

antistaph drug (oxacillin, clinda) and ceftriaxone

29
Q

Treatment of ABPA

A

steroids and itraconazole

30
Q

Treatment of cocciodomycosis ( valley fever)

A

fluconazole

31
Q

what organism should you think of in hunters or skin animals from Arkansas or Missouri?

A

Tularemia

32
Q

What animals transmit Q fever (coxiella)

A

cattle and sheep

33
Q

What are the extrapulmonary manifestations of mycoplasma?

A

hemolytic anemia, splenomegaly, EM and SJS, arthritis, neurologic changes.

34
Q

What are side effects of theophylline toxicity?

A

GI upset and behavioral effects

35
Q

Which meds can worsen theophylline effects? (inhibit p450)

A

cimetidine, OCPs, erythromycin, cipro

36
Q

Which meds can diminish activity of theophyilline?

A

Phenobarb and phenytoin

37
Q

What age can you use omalizumab

A

> or = to 12

38
Q

after which infection is bronchiolitis obliterans most often found

A

adenovirus

39
Q

What is Kartagener syndrome

A

AR, primary ciliary dysfunction, situs inversus and reduced male fertility

40
Q

Which women should get prenatal steroid?

A

Women 24-34 weeks gestation with intact membranes who are at risk for premature delivery within the next week.

41
Q

What is a normal sweat chloride?

A
42
Q

What do we use for CF newborn screening?

A

test for elevated blood immunoreactive trysinogen. Few false negatives, but many false positives

43
Q

most common cause of lung transplant in kids

A

CF

44
Q

Which PaCO2 in an asthmatic suggests need to go to ICU

A

> 42mmHg

45
Q

Which conditions present with cyanosis at birth?

A

transposition of the great arteries, completed tricuspid atresia , ebstein anomaly

Pediatrics (25 decks)

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