Pulmonology Flashcards
First investigation of stridor
Upper GI to look for structural abnormalities
Worst days of bronchiolitis
Day 3-4
Laryngomalacia
Congenital condition; lack of neural coordination of laryngeal muscles with suppraglottic structures tha hang over airway ( epiglottis, arytenoid cartilages). usually worse stridor in supine position, better in prone.
Relationship of GERD and laryngomalacia
Often GERD is associated. If prophylactically treat GERD, can improve laryngomalacia
What conditions is vocal cord paralysis associated with?
Cardiac abnormality, s/p surgery 2/2 damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve. Hydrocephalus or arnold chiari malformation can often cause b/l paralysis
Tracheomalacia
Produces expiratory stridor.
Rendu-Osler-Weber Syndrome
AD syndrome of telangectasias including pulmonary AVMs
What is the aspirin triad?
Allergy to ASA, nasal polyps, asthma
Jeune Syndrome
AR - short ribs, small rib cage and renal disease. Resp failure common
What is genetics of SMA?
AR
Which sinuses are present at birth?
maxillary and ethmoid?
When do sinuses develop?
front and sphenoid start to develop at 1-2 years but are not radiographically visible until 7-8
Remember* Rheumatic fever only occurs after GAS pharyngitis, but PSGN can occur after skin or pharyngitis
Remember
Strep throat criteria
Centor Criteria - no cough, fever, cervical LAD, tonsillar exudates. 0-1 no nee dfor antibiotics, 2-3 test, 4 treat with amox
Most common pathogens of retropharyngeal abscess
GAS, staph, oral anearobes
Antibiotic treatment for retropharyngeal abscess.
Unasyn, Amp and clinda
Treatment of ABPA
itraconazole and steroids
What percent of patients with asthma will outgrow symptoms by adulthood?
60% (severe asthma is 30%)
When are cleft lip and cleft palate usually repaired?
cleft lip 10 weeks, cleft palate 6-9months
Do you remove thyroglossal duct cysts? how about lingual thyroid?
you do remove thyroglossal duct cysts. Can keep lingual thyroid
At what age does laryngomalacia present?
2 weeks
What syndrome are glottic webs associated with?
velocardiofacial syndrome
If note pulmonary AV malformation, what syndrome should you think of?
Rendu - Osler - Weber syndrome
What is eventration?
marked elevation of the diaphragm. Usually congenital but can be 2/2 phrenic n. injury as well. More commonly affects the left.
