Pulmonology

Question 0

fever, chills, and a cough, muscle aches, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, loss of coordination (ataxia), and occasionally diarrhea and vomiting. Confusion and impaired cognition may also occur,as can a so-called “relative bradycardia” and Hyponatremia

Answer 0

Leigonaires dz

Tx: Fluoroquinolone or macrolide

Question 1

Typical signs and symptoms include a cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing.

Answer 1

Pneumonia

Question 2

PNA with “rust colored sputum”

Answer 2

Strep pneumoniae

Question 3

PNA with bloody sputum often described as “currant jelly”. Often in alcoholics

Answer 3

Klebsiella

Question 4

PNA that may occur in association with swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck, joint pain, or a middle ear infection

Answer 4

Mycoplasma PNA

Question 5

Which pneumonia presents more commonly with wheezing. Viral or bacterial?

Answer 5

Viral

Question 6

Organisms causing CAP?

Answer 6

Bacteria are the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in nearly 50% of cases.Other commonly isolated bacteria include Haemophilus influenzae in 20%, Chlamydophila pneumoniae in 13%, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 3% of cases; Staphylococcus aureus; Moraxella catarrhalis; Legionella pneumophila and Gram-negative bacilli

Question 7

PNA + bird exposure

Answer 7

Exposure to birds is associated with Chlamydia psittaci.

In the first week of psittacosis the symptoms mimic typhoid fever: prostrating high fevers, joint pains, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, nose bleeds and low level of white blood cells in the blood. Rose colored rash spots. Second week has dyspnea cough and fever.

The infection is treated with antibiotics. Tetracyclines and chloramphenicol

Question 8

PNA + exposure to farm animals

Answer 8

Q fever. Coxiella burnetii

Question 9

In a typical case, an infant under two years of age develops cough, wheeze, and shortness of breath over one or two days. Crackles and/or wheeze are typical findings on listening to the chest with a stethoscope.

Answer 9

Bronchiolitis. Usually from RSV.

Tx: none needed

Question 10

should be suspected in patients with acute febrile flu-like illness, kidney failure of unknown origin and sometimes liver dysfunction. With exposure to rodent excrement w/in past few weeks

Answer 10

Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)

Question 11

Prodromal symptoms include flu-like symptoms such as fever, cough, myalgia, headache, lethargy and shortness-of-breath, which rapidly deteriorates into acute respiratory failure. It is characterized by the sudden onset of shortness-of-breath with rapidly evolving pulmonary edema; it is often fatal despite mechanical ventilation and intervention with potent diuretics. It has a fatality rate of 38%. Exposure to rodent excrement.

Answer 11

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome