PULMONARY VENTILATION (RESPIRATION) Flashcards
TRUE regarding the characteristic of surfactant:
o Reduces the tendency for alveoli to collapse.
o Decreases lung compliance.
o Produced by type I alveolar epithelial cells.
o Increase in hyaline membrane disease.
o Reduces the tendency for alveoli to collapse.
TRUE about the Minute Respiratory Volume:
o It measures the total amount of air in the lung
o It can increase the expiratory reserve volume
o It increases if the tidal volume is increased
o It is not affected by the person’s respiratory rate
o It increases if the tidal volume is increased
An increased inspiratory reserve volume will NOT directly affect
which of the following?
o Vital capacity
o Functional residual capacity
o Total lung capacity
o Inspiratory capacity
o Functional residual capacity
VITAL CAPACITY= IRV+TW+ERV
o FRC= ERV+RV
o TLC= IRV+TV+ERV+RV
o IC=IRV+TV
The work of breathing that is required to expand the lungs against
the lung and chest elastic forces:
o Airway resistance work
o Tissue resistance work
o Compliance work
o Lung recoil work
o Compliance work
During quiet breathing, work is performed primarily to:
o expand chest wall and lungs
o recoil chest wall and lungs
o resist viscosity of chest wall and lungs
o overcome airway resistance
o expand chest wall and lungs
During inspiration, the diaphragm & other chest muscles ____,
causing the thoracic cavity to ____.
o contract, expand
o relax, expand
o relax, contract
o contract, compress
o contract, expand
The Vital Capacity is:
o Inspiratory reserve volume plus tidal volume, and is about
3500 ml.
o The amount of air that enters the lung but is not involved in
gas exchange.
o The maximum amount of air that can be expired from a
fully inflated lung.
o The amount of air during quiet breathing and is normally
500 ml in the adult male.
o The maximum amount of air that can be expired from a
fully inflated lung.
Alveolar air pressure is greater than pulmonary arterial pressure in
which Zone?
o Zone 1
o Zone 3
o Zone 4
o Zone 2
o Zone 1
Zone 2: Intermittent blood flow only during the peaks of pulmonary
arterial pressure because the systolic pressure is then greater than the
alveolar air pressure, but the diastolic pressure is less than the alveolar air
pressure
Zone 3: Continuous blood flow because the alveolar capillary pressure
remains greater than alveolar air pressure during the entire cardiac cycle
In an upright lung:
o Capillary pressure is higher than alveolar pressure in zone
1.
o Arterial pressure is less than alveolar pressure in zone 3.
o Blood flow is evenly distributed throughout the lung.
o Higher capillary pressure in the base of the lung.
o Higher capillary pressure in the base of the lung.
Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure is greater than the diastolic
pulmonary arterial pressure.
o True
o False
o True
Alveolar air is not completely replaced by atmospheric air with each
breath.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
A. TRUE
Oxygen concentration is lowest in:
A. Alveolar air
B. Expired air
C. Humidified air
D. Atmospheric air
A. Alveolar air
Carbon dioxide diffuses in the same direction as oxygen.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
B. FALSE
NOT TRUE of the physiologic shunt:
A. Less than normal ventilation-perfusion ratio
B. Inadequate ventilation to fully oxygenated blood
C. Will occur if there is airway limitation
D. Lower blood flow
D. Lower blood flow
Causes of weightlessness in space:
A. equal pull from all forces of gravity & trajectory forces
B. loss of gravitational pull from the earth
C. specialized anti-G suits
D. reduced muscle mass & bone density
A. equal pull from all forces of gravity & trajectory forces
