Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 1

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 1

“breathing”, movement of air into and out of the respiratory system structures

Question 2

4 processes involved in gas exchange

Answer 2

• pulmonary ventilation
• alveolar gas exchange
• gas transport within the blood
• systemic gas exchange

Question 3

external respiration

Answer 3

exchanges gases between atmosphere and blood

Question 4

internal respiration

Answer 4

exchanges hases between blood and body’s cells

Question 5

boyle’s law

Answer 5

volume and pressure inversely related

Question 6

movement of gases follows…

Answer 6

boyle’s law

Question 7

inhalation

Answer 7

increase thoracic cavity volume -> decrease intrapulmonary pressure -> air flows into the lungs

Question 8

exhalation

Answer 8

decrease thoracic cavity volume -> increase intrapulmonary pressure -> air flows out of the lungs

Question 9

how does the thoracic cavity change during inhalation/exhalation?

Answer 9

• vertical changes result from diaphragm movement
• lateral changes result from the rib cage elevation or depression
• anterior/posterior changes occur as the sternum moves anteriorly or posteriorly

Question 10

quiet breathing

Answer 10

inhalation and exhalation (diaphragm and external intercostals)

Question 11

forced inhalation

Answer 11

allows deeper inspirations by increasing thoracic cavity expansion when they contract (sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pec minor, serratus posterior superior, and erector spinae)

Question 12

forced exhalation

Answer 12

contract during hard exhalations and work to decrease thoracic volume (internal intercostals, abdominal muscles, transversus thoracis, and serratus posterior inferior)

Question 13

eupnea

Answer 13

normal/resting breathing

Question 14

costal breathing

Answer 14

shallow breath, movement of the chest

Question 15

diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 15

deeper, abdominal breathing

Question 16

hyperpnea

Answer 16

forced breathing (playing an instrument or sniffing)

Question 17

lung capacities

Answer 17

used to measure respiratory function

Question 18

tidal volume (TV)

Answer 18

volume of air moving in and out with each resting breath

Question 19

vital capacity (VC)

Answer 19

volume of air moved in/out of lungs with a single maximal breath

Question 20

inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Answer 20

volume of air that can be inhaled beyond a tidal or resting inhalation (take extra breath after tidal breathing)

Question 21

expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Answer 21

volume of air you can exhale beyond a tidal or resting exhalation (blow extra out)

Question 22

residual volume (RV)

Answer 22

volume of air remaining in the lungs following maximal exhalation

Question 23

total lung capacity (TLC)

Answer 23

VC + RV