Pulmonary Vascular Disease Flashcards
Where do PTE usually originate?
Deep veins of the legs in/around the valves
Risk factors for Venous Thromboembolism
Recent Maj. trauma Cancer (procoagulant) Significant CVS disease Pregnancy Genetic Thrombophilia
Example of Inherited Thrombophilia
Factor V Leiden
more likely to form clots
Symptoms of PE
Pleuritic chest pain
Cough
Haemoptysis
Acute dyspnoea
Additional symptom of massive PE
Syncope
Cardiac arrest
Signs of PE
Pyrexia, pleural rub, stony dullness (pleural effusion)
Tachycardia, tachypnoea, hypoxia
Hypotension
What probability tests are used for VTE?
Wells Score
Revised Geneva Score
Investigations for PE
FBC, gases CXR D-dimer V/Q scan ECG CTPA
How is prognosis measured for PE?
PESI score
What is the treatment for PE
Oxygen LMW Heparin Warfarin Direct Oral Anticoagulants Thrombolytics ?Embolectomy
What drug is typically used for Thrombolysis
Alteplase (rt-PA)
What is the prevalence of primary pulmonary hypertension?
1-2/M
Secondary causes of Pulmonary Hypertension
Chronic resp. disease
LH disease
Chronic Thromboembolic PH
Shunt
Symptoms of Pulmonary hypertension
Exertional Dyspnoea
Chest tightness
Presyncope/syncope
Signs of Pulmonary Hypertension
Elevated JVP RV hypertrophy Loud second heart sound Hepatomegaly Ankle oedema
