Pulmonary TB Flashcards
What is a Ghon lesion?
Calcified parenchymal focus (granuloma). Later stage of granuloma in TB disease progression.
What is a Ranke Complex?
AKA Ghon Complex
It is a Ghon lesion (calcified granuloma) plus infected hilar lymph nodes
Type of Hypersensitivity rxn of a positive PPD (purified protein derivative test)
Type IV
When assessing a positive PPD test, a papule that is at or greater than 5mm in diameter should be considered a (+) TB infection for which populations?
HIV pts
Close contact with infected pts
IC pts
When assessing a positive PPD test, a papule that is at or greater than 10mm in diameter should be considered a (+) TB infection for which populations?
People with clinical conditions that are not considered IC conditions
Cancers
Children younger than 4
Workers and inmates at prisons, workers in micro labs, homeless
People born in endemic areas
When assessing a positive PPD test, a papule that is at or greater than 15mm in diameter should be considered a (+) TB infection for which populations?
Healthy people with no risk factors
Gold standard for definitive TB diagnosis.
Sputum culture (acid fast)
How does the INF-gamma assay test for TB?
Take a patient’s blood and expose it to TB.
- measure the INF-gamma levels released by T cells
- Higher levels indicate a strong T cell response meaning that the patient has been exposed to TB
What is the first precaution taken with patients confirmed to be infected with TB?
Isolation
- N95 mask
- negative pressure room
What is the combo medication regimen for active TB patients?
RIPE Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol -Tx normally lasts 6 months
How are HIV patients treated for TB infection?
Same as non-HIV individuals
What is the treatment for latent TB
Isoniazid for 9 months
or
Rifampin for 4 months
Biggest complication of miliary TB
Spread to multiple organ systems
