Pulmonary Physiology Flashcards
What is the volume left after full expiration?
residual volume
What is the volume called that goes in and out during passive respiration?
tidal volume
What is the volume that is inhaled beyond the tidal volume?
Inspiratory reserve volume
What is the volume called that is the summation of VC and RV?
Total lung capacity
What is the extra volume of air pushed out beyond the tidal volume?
expiratory reserve volume
What is the volume called at the end of passive respiration?
functional residual capacity (ERV+RV)
Which volume is the one where the system is relaxed?
FRC (chest wall pulling out = lungs pulling in) –> the two forces are balanced
- the pressure is zero (equal to atmospheric)
What is ventilation?
volume x frequency (Respiratory Rate)
What is dead space ventilation?
spaces where no gas exchange occurs (ie. trachea, nose)
What is physiologic dead space?
Anatomic dead space (ie. conduction airways where gas exchange does not take place) and any volume in alveoli where gas exchange does not occur
—> due to less perfusion, more prominent at the apex of the lungs
T or F: Chest wall has some volume at rest (in contrast to the lungs)
T
What is the pressure of the pleural space?
always negative
What is lung compliance?
The amount of volume change for a given pressure
- more compliant means less diaphragm effort
What decreases lung compliance?
pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis
What increases lung compliance?
emphysema, aging
