Pulmonary pharmacology Flashcards
What are some other targets of pulmonary theraputics
- Stimulate respiration
- Suppress coughing
- Increase watery component of secretions
- Inhibit infections (secondary)
- Decrease inflammatory immune responses
How do glucocorticoids reduce inflammation
- Reduce mucosal oedema
- Reduce the release of inflammatory mediators
- Sensitise membranes to beta agonists
- Prolong half life of adrenaline
What are some potential targets for pulmonary drugs
- Airway inflammation
- Bronchoconstriction
- Iritation and cough
- Infection
How do muscarinic 1 receptors affect bronchodilation
increase mucus production
How would antihistamines be classes (are they agonists or antagonists)
H1 antagonists
What classes of drugs that act on the autonomic nervous system could be used to reduce airway resistance
Beta 2 agonists and M3 antagonists
How do muscarinic 3 receptors affect the bronchioles
Induce smooth muscle contraction, via increased mucus secretion and a decrease in cellular cAMP
Describe the process of bronchodilation by sympathetic stimulation
(Nor)adrenaline acts as the agonist for B2 adrenoreceptors, this relaxes the smooth muscle in the lung, leading to bronchodilation. There is also an increase in cAMP
Name the different types/subtypes of receptors of the cholinergic system
muscarinic 1, 2 and 3
Where are alpha and beta adrenoreceptors found in the body
In the bronchiole and the muscles of the heart
Which neurotransmitters stimulate the G-protein linked receptors
(nor)adrenaline and acetylcholine
Which receptors mediate both bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation
G-protein linked receptors
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect the bronchioles
It acts to bronchoconstriction
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the bronchioles
It acts to bronchodilate
What is the primary mechanism of airway inflammation in asthmatic animals
Increased smooth muscle constriction
