Intro to the cardiac system Flashcards
What is systole
Contraction
What is diastole
relaxation
Describe ventricular systole
contraction of ventricles (Atrioventricular valves close)- the source of the first heart sound = “Lub”
Describe ventricular diastole
relaxation of ventricles (Semi-lunar valves close)- the source of the second heart sound = “Dub”
What is cardiac output
volume delivered into the circulation per minute
What is stroke volume
volume delivered by the ventricle per beat
What are the functions of the cardiorespiratory system
- Transport= to and from metabolising tissue
- Homeostasis (pH, osmolarity, electrolytes, infection)
- Generate pressure (renal filtration and reproduction)
What are the 5 zones of the primitive tube
- Arterial trunk/truncus arteriosus
- Bulbus cordis
- Ventricle- B and V- primitive ventricle
- Atrium
- Sinus venosus
Why do birds have highly efficient cardiovascular systems
- To cope with high metabolic demands
- Important for oxygen and thermoregulation
- They have a relatively large cardiac size compared to body weight
List the differences in the structure of the bird heart
- left AV valve has 3 leaflets
- Right AV valve have muscular flap and have no chordae tendinae
- Receives blood from caudal body- so drugs injected into hindlimbs are metabolised before general circulation
What is heart disease
disease usually involves valve degeneration and the valve becoming incompetent or disease of the heart muscle, resulting the heart not contracting well or filling well. It doesn’t always result in heart failure
What is heart failure
syndrome in which the heart fails to deliver blood effectively to meet the requirements of metabolising tissues
