Pulmonary PE

Question 1

Difficult or labored breathing with shortness of breath.

Answer 1

Dyspnea

Question 2

SOB begins or increased when laying down. Ask questions about how many pillows you need while sleepy. If propped up or sleeping with pillows this is an indicator of orthopnea

Answer 2

Orthopnea

Question 3

Sudden onset of SOB after a period of sleep. Sitting upright is helpful.

Answer 3

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)

Question 4

Opposite of orthopnea. Dyspnea or SOB when in the upright posture.

Answer 4

Platypnea

Question 5

Deep labored breathing pattern often associated with metabolic acidosis

Answer 5

Kussmaul breathing

Question 6

An abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper and sometimes faster breathing, followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary state of apnea.

Answer 6

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Question 7

Coarse rattling respiratory sounds, usually caused by secretiosn in bronchial airways. “Rolling thunderstrom.” You will see this in pneumonia patients.

Answer 7

Rhonchi (Coarse Crackles)

Question 8

Soft, high-pitched, and very brief sounds. “brushing you hair with fingers.” You will see this in CHF patients.

Answer 8

Rales (Fine Crackles)

Question 9

Vibration transmitted through the body generally referring to an assessment of the lungs. This increases with consolidation or fibrosis. Decreases with fluid or air.

Answer 9

Fremitus

Question 10

Fremitus vibration intensity felt on the chest wall when patients repeatedly say “99”

Answer 10

Tactile Fremitus

Question 11

Fremitus hear with a stethoscope on the chest wall with spoken words.

Answer 11

Vocal Fremitus.

Question 12

Breath sounds near the top that is very coarse and loud.

Answer 12

Bronchial breath sounds

Question 13

Midline breath sounds that are softer.

Answer 13

Broncho-vesicular breath sounds

Question 14

Baseline breath sounds that are very soft and faint

Answer 14

Vesicular breath sounds

Question 15

Abnormal breath sounds heard during auscultation

Answer 15

Adventitious breath sounds

Question 16

A foreign body sound, similar to a pressure cooker whistle that changes in pitch.

Answer 16

Stridor

Question 17

The total absence of oxygen in body tissues.

Answer 17

Anoxia

Question 18

Collection of air into the pleural cavity due to a complete or partial collapse of the lung

Answer 18

Pneumothorax

Question 19

Collection of blood in the pleural cavity due to complete or partial collapse of the lung.

Answer 19

Hemothorax

Question 20

Abnormal presence of fluid in the pleural cavity that is spontaneous or due to trauma.

Answer 20

Pleural Effusion

Question 21

Destruction of the airway distal to the terminal bronchiole, which also includes the gradual destruction of the pulmonary capillary bed and thus decreased inability to oxygenate the blood. Think emphysema patients, skinny, sitting in Tripod position with puffed breaths.

Answer 21

Pink Puffer

Question 22

accumulation of mucus in patients with chronic bronchitis. Pulmonary capillary bed is undamaged.

Answer 22

Blue Bloater

Question 23

Destruction of the airway distal to the terminal bronchiole, which also includes the gradual destruction of the pulmonary capillary bed and thus decreased inability to oxygenate the blood. Think emphysema patients, skinny/wasting, sitting in Tripod position with puffed breaths.

Answer 23

Pink Puffer

Question 24

Excessive accumulation of mucus in patients with chronic bronchitis. Pulmonary capillary bed is undamaged. They may have small airways or have some inflammation. These patients will be more heavy set with barreled/rounded chest

Answer 24

Blue Bloater

Question 25

“Breath in, Breath out”

Answer 25

Pursed Lip Breathing

Question 26

Sunken or funnel chest. Congenital chest wall deformity that may or may not affect the respiratory system.

Answer 26

Pectus Excavatum

Question 27

Concave chest, cone-shaped chest.

Answer 27

Pectu Carinatum (Pigeon Test)