Cardio PE Vocabulary

Question 1

Bruits

Answer 1

Noise produced by turbulent flow of blood

Question 2

Thrills

Answer 2

Palpable turbulent blood flow, palpable murmur

Question 3

Heaves and lifts

Answer 3

sustained impulses usually produced by an enlarged heart

Question 4

Korotkoff Sounds

Answer 4

Sounds heard during blood pressure maneuver

Question 5

Systolic

Answer 5

Maximum arterial pressure during contraction of left ventricle

Question 6

Diastole

Answer 6

Minimum arterial pressure during relaxation

Question 7

S1

Answer 7

Closing of mitral and tricupsid valves (Lub). Beginning of systole

Question 8

S2

Answer 8

Closure of Aortic and Pulmonic Valves. (Dub), Beginning of diastole.

Question 9

S3

Answer 9

Occurs just after S2 When Mitral valve opens. Can be normal in young athletic teenagers. But it can be an indicator of CHF in elderly people.

Question 10

S4

Answer 10

Heart sound that is always pathological. Occurs after S1. Indicator of diastolic heart failure, active ischemia.

Question 11

Pulsus paradoxus

Answer 11

an exaggerated fall in systolic BP and rate on inspiration.

Question 12

Bounding pulses

Answer 12

Large pulses that you will feel/hear with a large amount of blood volume

Question 13

Stethoscope Diaphragm

Answer 13

Best for high pitched sounds such as breath sounds and normal heart sounds (S1, S2), Mitral regurgitation.

Question 14

Stethoscope Bell

Answer 14

Best for detecting lower pitched sounds such as heart murmurs and bowel sounds. S3 and S4. Mitral stenosis

Question 15

Regurgitation

Answer 15

Incompetent Valve leaflets

Question 16

Stenosis

Answer 16

Incompetent sclerotic valves

Question 17

Cachexia

Answer 17

general physical wasting/loss of weight and muscle mass due to disease

Question 18

Beck’s Triad

Answer 18

Distended neck veins, decreased or muffled heart sounds, decreased blood pressure or hypotension

Question 19

Corneal Arcus

Answer 19

Grey or blue opaque ring around the cornea. Associated with hyper-lipidemia.

Question 20

Clubbing

Answer 20

Bulbous swellings in the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes.

Question 21

Peripheral Cyanosis

Answer 21

Cutaneous vasoconstriction due to low CO

Question 22

Central cyanosis

Answer 22

Arterial blood desaturation

Question 23

Splinter Hemorrhages

Answer 23

Tiny blood clots running vertical under nail beds.

Question 24

Homan’s Sign

Answer 24

Dorsiflexion sign test for deep vein thrombosis

Question 25

Janeway lesion

Answer 25

Patholgic lesions that are typically MICRO ABSCESSES on the dermis. Has necorsis and inflammatory infiltrate. PAINLESS AND NON TENDER.

Question 26

Osler Nodes

Answer 26

Painful and tender red purple slightly raised lump lesions.

Question 27

Claudication

Answer 27

Pain caused by insufficient blood flow usually during exercise

Question 28

Prinzmetal angina

Answer 28

Variant angina, consisting of angina at rest that occurs in cycles.

Question 29

Orthostatic Hypotension

Answer 29

drop in pressure (drop in systolic pressure by 20 mmHg, drop in diastolic pressure by 10 mmHg, and increase in HR by 20 beats/min all within 3 minutes)