Pulmonary Hypertension Flashcards
Module 2B
Pulmonary HTN occurs due to impaired function of
The right side of the heart
Pulmonary HTN describes
Increased pulmonary vascular resistance
What value should mPAP be at rest and with exercise?
Rest: >/=25
Exercise: 30
What is group 1 classification of pulmonary HTN?
Pulmonary arterial HTN (remodeling of small arteries)
What is group 2 classification of pulmonary HTN?
Pulmonary HTN with increased left sided heart pressure
What is group 3 classification of pulmonary HTN?
Associated with chronic lung disease and/or sleep apnea
What is group 4 classification of pulmonary HTN?
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary HTN (multiple PEs)
What is group 5 classification of pulmonary HTN?
Pulmonary HTN secondary to disease process (hematologic, inflammatory, metabolic disorders)
Tumor obstruction, fibrosing mediastinitis, chronic renal failure on dialysis
What is the most common symptom of pulmonary HTN?
Dyspnea
What is the average time of diagnosis from the onset of symptoms?
1 year
What cardiac exam findings may be present?
Loud S2, tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonic regurgitation murmurs, decreased carotid pulse, lifts or heaves, loud S3 (right-sided), JVD, increased liver size, ascites, edema, tachyarrhythmias (Atrial flutter)
What are diagnostic imaging studies that should be ordered?
Chest x-ray, doppler studies, echo, CT or MRI, VQ scan
What are other diagnostic tests to consider?
Cardiac catheterization, PFT, ABG, BNP, biopsy
What condition is rare in the U.S. but is the leading cause of pulmonary HTN worldwide?
Schistosomiasis
What would an EKG reveal in pulmonary HTN?
S wave in lead I, Q wave in lead III, inverted T wave in lead III
