COPD Flashcards
Module 2B
COPD is usually progressive, not fully reversible and is associated with
An abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs
COPD is a preventable and treatable disease characterized by
Airflow limitation
What 2 related lung diseases does COPD describe?
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis
COPD is predominantly a
Smoker’s disease
What are the most common complaints in COPD?
Dyspnea on exertion, cough, sputum production
In early disease of COPD, exam findings are often
Absent
COPD is suspected based on H&P but can be confirmed with
Simple spirometry
What respiratory characteristics may be seen in COPD on exam?
Audible inspiratory crackles, evidence of hyperinflation, forward sitting posture
What is the gold standard diagnostic for COPD?
Spirometry
Spirometry includes which 2 results?
FVC and FEV1
What FEV1 level confirms airway limitation that is not fully reversible?
<80%
What post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC level confirms airway limitation that is not fully reversible?
< 0.70 (70%)
What lab tests should be performed in COPD?
CBC w/ diff, ABGs, alpha1-antitrypsin*
Alpha-1-antitrypsin should only be ordered in symptomatic patients that are
<50 years old
What views of a chest x-ray should be ordered?
PA and lateral
What are 5 differential diagnoses of COPD?
Asthma, neoplasms, cystic fibrosis, GERD, heart disease (mitral stenosis, those causing pulmonary edema)
Inhaled bronchodilators relieve bronchospasm and can be further enhanced with
Methylxanthine therapy
What is the 1st line maintenance therapy for non-asthmatic COPD?
Anticholinergics
What are 4 types of obstructive lung disease?
COPD, asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis
What are 4 examples of restrictive sung disease?
Interstitial lung disease, chest wall pathology, neuromuscular disease, obesity
What are 2 causes of pulmonary vascular disease?
Primary pulmonary HTN, chronic thromboembolic disease
COPD can be of 2 categories
Obstructive and vascular
Sarcoidosis can be of 3 categories
Obstructive, restrictive, vascular
How long should you wait after administration of a SABA during spirometry?
10-15 mins
How long should you wait after administration of a SABA/SAMA or SAMA during spirometry?
30-45 mins
What value is used to stage COPD?
FEV1
