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cardiopulm > Pulmonary Eval > Flashcards

Pulmonary Eval Flashcards

1
Q

Normal FEV1/ FVC ratio

A

0.75 to 0.8

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2
Q

FEV1/ FVC value for RLD

A

more than >0.8

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3
Q

FEV1/ FVC value for obstructive lung disease

A

< 0.7

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4
Q

Forced midexpiratory flow value range

A

25 to 75
is the volume of air exhaled in middle 1/2 of FVC

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5
Q

clubbed fingers are the enlargement of —– ——. The body doesn’t get enough O2 and compensates with swelling

A

capillary beds

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6
Q

This postural impairment makes it difficult for the lungs to expand

A

kyphosis

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7
Q

Facial signs of pulmonary distress are nasal flaring, sweating, —– ( skin), enlarged —–

A

paleness
focused or enlarged pupils

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8
Q

JVD is associated with ——-

A

Cor pulmonale

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9
Q

hyperinflated chest ratio

AP diameter ( xiphoid process to vertebrae) to transverse diameter

A

1:1
barrel chest

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10
Q

rib angles should measure at —– *
rib angles attach to vertebrae at about —-

A

90 * rib angle
45* degree vertebrae attachment

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11
Q

larger rib and vertebral angles leads to ——-

A

**air trapping **
this stretches diaphragm causing it to be flatter and less efficient

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12
Q

—- SCM and/or adaptive —- of the SCM muscles may indicate a —- pulmonary condition

A

hypertrophy
shortening
chronic

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13
Q

RR for infants

A

30 - 60 breaths/ min.

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14
Q

12 to 18 year olds RR

A

12 to 20 breaths / min

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15
Q

Eupnea: rate, depth, rhythm

A

normal for all

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16
Q

Bradypnea: rate, depth, and rhythm

A

slow rate
shallow or normal depth
regular rhythm

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17
Q

Tachypnea: rate and depth

A

fast rate
shallow depth

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18
Q

Hyperpnea: rate, depth, and rhythm

A

normal rate,
increased depth, and
regular rhythm

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19
Q

Hyperventilation: rate, depth, and rhythm
results in decreased ——

A

fast rate
increased depth
regular rhythm
decreased arterial carbon dioxide

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20
Q

This is when speech is interrupted for a breath. It identifies how many words can be said before next breath

A

dyspnea of phonation

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21
Q

These are abnormal noises that can only be heard with a stethoscope

A

adventitious breath sounds

22
Q

This lung sound is continous but high pithched

A

wheeze

23
Q

This lung sound is a subtype of a wheeze. It has a low pitch and implies an obstruction of the airway

A

Rhochi

24
Q

This adventitious lung sound is discontinous and sound like brief burst of popping bubbles

A

Crackles

25
Q

This lung sound is heard on the inhale and exhale. It sounds like 2 pieces of leather or sandpaper

A

pleural rub

26
Q

A productive cough is common with —–
A nonproductive cough is common with ——

A

productive cough: infection
nonproductive cough: lung neoplasm

27
Q

This type of breathing is not coordinated and is not efficient.

A

Paradoxical breathing

28
Q

during paradoxical breathing the chest moves —- instead of —– during inhalation

A

moves inward instead of outward

29
Q

The trachea moves —- the collapsed side in Atelectasis

A

towards

partially collapsed area, NOT a collapsed lung

30
Q

T or F: pneuthorax the trachea will deviate away from the collapse side

A

True

31
Q

Tachypnea, ipsilateral crackles and wheezes, decreased tactile femitus, distant or absent breath sounds all indicate ——-

A

pneumothorax

32
Q

In crepitus the hallmark sign is increasing edema from in the —- > —- to —- with rice cripsy feeing and crackling skin is palpated

A

chest > scapula > neck
to face

33
Q

The PT places their hands on patient and feel for vibrations in the chest from the words. This is called

A

Tactile Fremitus

34
Q

tactile fremitus provides info on —- lungs and thoracic cavity

A

density

35
Q

In tactile fremitus for pneumothroax and pleural effusion are increased or decreased

A

decreased
this prevents lung expansion –> creates more space in the lung prevents sound transmission

36
Q

Mediate Percussion: striking an air filled surface ( lung) will produce what kind of sound?
striking a fluid or tissue filled cavity will produce what kind of sound?

A

air filled - Reasonant sound
fluid filled - dull sound

37
Q

What sound would be associated with thoracic air increases ( air trapping)? This is associated with emphysema and pneumothroax?

A

hyper-reasonant or tympanic

38
Q

What conditions are associated with decreased thoracic air?

A

atelectasis
pleural effusion
mucus

39
Q

Pronounced and prolonged expiration would associated with what pathology

A

obstructive airway disease

40
Q

what elicited sound test involves increased reasonance of voice sounds ?

A

Egophony
say “eeeee”

41
Q

normal and abnormal finding with egophony

A

Healthy: hear “eeeee”
Unhealthy: nasal A or “goat call” sound ausculation

42
Q

what elicited sound test looks at abnormal transmission from lungs to bronchi

A

Bronchophony
say “99”

43
Q

Increased loudness upon whispering

A

Whispered Pectoriloquy
whisper 1,2,3

44
Q

healthy test for Whispered Pectoriloquy

A

not understood

45
Q

abnormal/ unhealthy test for Whispered Pectoriloquy

A

understood 1,2,3

46
Q

where are Vesicular breath sounds heard are? are they abnormal or normal?

Now from the pulmonary exam lab

A

Normal
heard over most of peripheral lung fields

47
Q

reduction in vesicular sound volume indicates

A

reduced ventilation

48
Q

prolonged exhale sound indicates

A

airway obstruction

49
Q

bronchial sounds are found where?

A

over / close to the trachea

aka tracheal sounds

50
Q

Broncho-vestibular sounds are found where? what do they represent?

A

lateral to trachea
interscapular region ( L)
represent conituum of sounds from** larger airways**

51
Q

Narrowing of airways ( aka bronchospasms, bronchial edema, adherent secretions…) produce what type of adventitious lung sound

A

High pitched wheeze

52
Q

Fluid (mucous) in the larger or conducting airways produce what type of adventitious lung sound

A

Rhonchi ( low pitch/ coarse)

cardiopulm (5 decks)

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