Pediatric Heart conditions

Question 1

With this leison R to L shunting occurs. increased RBCs occur and Tetralogy of fallot falls under this type of leison.

Answer 1

cyanotic leison

Question 2

4 defects of Tetralogy of Fallot

hint: invovles stenosis, aorta and ventricle

Answer 2

1. pulmonary stenosis
2. VSD
3. overriding aorta
4. RV hypertrophy

Question 3

1) hypoplastic left ventricle, (2) aortic and mitral valve stenosis, (3) coarctation of aorta happens in this heart condition

Answer 3

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Question 4

This condition involves no communication btw systemic and pulmonary circulation. The pulmonary artery ( leaving LV and aorta) exits the RV .. ( what condition>)

Answer 4

Transposition of great arteries

Question 5

Tricuspid valve btw right atrium and ventricle is either not open or is absent in what condition

Answer 5

Tricuspid atresia

Question 6

Which condition: R + L ventricles dump into a single vessel because there is not normal separation of aorta and main pulmonary artery

Answer 6

Truncus arteriosus

Question 7

pulmonary veins attach to right atrium happens in what condition

Answer 7

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Question 8

This condition is seen in infants wtih respiratory distress syndrome.

Answer 8

persistent pulmonary HTN

Question 9

This condition is caused not enough pulmonary surfactant. Characterized by airless alveoli, inelastic lungs, RR > 60 bpm, nasal flaring, gruninting on expiritation, peripheral edema, and intercoastal and subcoastal retractions

Answer 9

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 10

This is a rare disease where mucociliary clearance is impaired because of defective motility of cilia

Answer 10

primary cillary dyskinesia

Question 11

This is a diagnosis with secondary cardiopulmonary issues. Associated with endocardial cushion defect, VSD, ASD, and Tetralogy of Fallot. exercise is very important for this pt. population.

Answer 11

down syndrome

Question 12

This is a diagnosis with secondary cardiopulmonary issues. This condition is from primary immunodeficiency disease, which caused by deletion of chromosome 22

Answer 12

DiGeorge syndrome

Question 13

This is a diagnosis with secondary cardiopulmonary issues. characterized by vertebral defects, imperforate anus, tracheoesophageal fistula, radial and renal dysplasia

Answer 13

VATER Association

Question 14

These 2 conditions are associated with decreased activity levels

Answer 14

1. CP
2. Spina Bifida

Question 15

This disorder caused by nonprogressive but permanent lesion of brain, occurring in utero, during birth, or immediately after birth

Answer 15

Cerebral Palsy

Question 16

In this condition there is a Arnold-Chiari type II malformation which leads to ventilatory problems

Answer 16

Spina Bifida

Question 17

APGAR stands for

Answer 17

A- appearance
P- pulse ( HR)
G- grimace ( reflex irritability/ response)
A- activity ( muscle tone)
R - respiration ( breathing ability)

Question 18

APGAR scores
- critcally low
- below normal
- normal

Answer 18

0 to 3: critically low
4 to 6: below normal
7+: normal