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PULM 1 > pulmonary assessment > Flashcards

pulmonary assessment Flashcards

1
Q

what is IRV

A
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2
Q

what is ERV

A

volume of air that can be exhaled beyond normal exhalation

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3
Q

what is TV

A
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4
Q

what is RV

A

volume of air in lungs after maximum exhalation

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5
Q

what is VC

A

Maximum exhale starting from maximum inhale

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6
Q

what is functional reserve volume (FRV)

A
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7
Q

FVC

A

maximum expiration from TLC to RV for > 6 seconds. measure vital capacity

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8
Q

FVC

A

maximum expiration from TLC to RV for > 6 seconds. measure vital capacity

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9
Q

aging changes to alveoli

A

lose shape & become baggy

air gets trapped in lungs decreasing perfucion

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10
Q

aging changes to RV, TLC, VC ,RV/TLC, FEV1

A
  • Increases: RV, RV/TLC
  • constant: TLC
  • decreases: VC, FEV1
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11
Q

why does expiratory flow decrease as lung volume decrease (3)

A
  • lung recoil decreases while compliance increases
  • airway resistance increase
  • air trapping causes increased residual volume (RV)
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12
Q

FEV1/FVC in obstructive vs restrictive dz

A
  • decreases in obstructive
  • increases or is normal in restrictive dz
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12
Q

FEV1/FVC in obstructive vs restrictive dz

A
  • decreases in obstructive
  • increases or is normal in restrictive dz
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13
Q

why is there increased FEV1/FVC in restrictive disease? (2)

A

increased lung recoil
decresed airway resistance

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14
Q

FEV1/FVC ratio in mild vs moderate vs severe OPD

A
  • mild 60-70%
  • moderate 50-60
  • severe < 50%
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15
Q

which 2 PFTs have normal values of 75-120%?

A

FRC and RV

16
Q

if TLC is under 80% the pattern is ____

A

restrictive

17
Q

list 4 common restrictive diseases

A
  • pleural effusion
  • pneumonia
  • CHF
  • pulm. fibrosis
18
Q
  • used to diagnose bronchial hyperreactivity, which is the hallmark of asthma and
  • inhaling the aerosolized particles lead to bronchoconstriction
A

methacholine challenge test

19
Q

what is a positive bronchodilator response

A

increase in FEV1 (or FVC) of at least 12% AND absolute increase in FEV1 (or FVC) of at least 200 mL

20
Q

test to look at diffusion capacity where you take in carbon monoxide and hold it for 10 seconds and exhale and that sample is analyzed

A

DLCO

21
Q
  • biomarker; identify eosinophilic asthma
  • Evaluate non-specific respiratory symptom
  • Evaluate steroid-responsive airway inflammation
  • Over 50 ppb is elevated
A

FENO

PULM 1 (8 decks)

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