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PULM 1 > pneumonia > Flashcards

pneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

test you can do to confirm etiology of Mycoplasma pneumonia

A

cold agglutination

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2
Q

Haemophilus influenzae gram stain

A

gram-negative rod

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3
Q

which set of individuals typically get Klebsiella as the cause of their CAP

A

impaired host defenses (alcoholics, DM, severe COPD)

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4
Q

Klebsiella stain

A

sputum stains gram negative rods

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5
Q

which bacteria is commonly associated as a superimposed infection after viral infection

A

s. aureaus

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6
Q

S. aureus sputum gram stain

A

gram positive cocci in clusters

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6
Q

which pneumonia is most commonly caused by anaerobes

A

aspiration pneumonia

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7
Q
  • most common in RL lobe
  • associated w/ foul-smelling sputum (rotten egg smell)
A

aspiration pneumonia

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8
Q

list 6 extrapulmonary sx seen in atypical pneumonia

A
  • HA
  • sore throat
  • earache
  • wheeze
  • malaise
  • confusion
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9
Q

which type of pneumonia commonly has a normal pulmonary exam

A

atypical pneumonia

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10
Q

which pneumonia commonly has signs of consolidation (bronchial breath sounds, dullness to percussion, tactile fremitus, egophony, inspiratory rales)

A

typical pneumonia

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11
Q

which type of pneumonia does NOT respond to beta lactams or sulfonamides

A

atypical pneumonia

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12
Q

4 etiologies of typical pneumonia

A

strep pneumonia
H. influenza
Moraxella catarrhalis
Klebsiella pneumonia

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13
Q

3 etiologies of atypical pneumonia

A
  • mycoplasma pneumonia
  • legionella pneumonia
  • chlamydia pneumonia
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14
Q
  • homogenous fibrinosupparative consolidation
    this is used to describe what type of pneumonia
A

typical or lobar pneumonia

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15
Q

exposure to overcrowded institutions is associated with risk of what 4 bacterias

A
  • S. pneumoniae
  • mycobacteria
  • mycoPLASMA
  • chlamydia
16
Q

what bacteria has presentation of
* one time chills & rigors
* blood-tinged (rusty) sputum

A

strep pneumonia

17
Q

which bacteria has GI sx in additin to fever, chills, cough, dyspnea

A

Legionella

18
Q

which bacteria

  • bilateral nodular infiltrates
  • empyema or abscess formation
  • pts w IV durg use or post influenza typically affected
A

staph aureus

19
Q

which bacteria

  • bullous myringitis (blisters on tympanic membrane)
  • cobweb infiltrates
  • low grade fever and cough
A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

20
Q

which bacteria

  • productive cough with green sputum
  • typically affects COPD, post splenectomy and decreased immunities
A

H. influenza

21
Q

which bacteria

  • current jelly sputum
  • bulging fissure sign
  • lung necrosis possible
  • typically affects alcoholcs, chronic illnesses and aspiration patients
A

klebsiella

22
Q

which bacteria

  • green sputum with abscess formation
  • mostly affects ventilator patients and CF patients
A

pseudomonas (typical)

23
Q

outpatient empiric tx of pneumonia in healthy person w/ no antimicrobial in past 3 months (3)

A

amoxicillin 1G PO TID x 7 days
doxycycline 100mg PO BID x 5-7days
azithromycin 250mg tablets; 2 PO today and 1 PO daily x 4 days

24
Q

outpatient empiric tx of pneumonia if they have comorbidities or used immunosuppresive or antimicrobials in past 3 months (2)

A
  • Resp. fluoroquinolone (levo-, moxi-, gemi-)
  • betalactam + macrolide (augmentin)
25
Q

inpatient (non-ICU) empiric tx for CAP (2)

A
  • respiratory fluoroquinolone
  • b-lactam + macrolide
26
Q

ICU tx for CAP

A
  • b-lactam + azithromycin
  • resp. fluoroquinolone
  • if PCN allergic, resp. fluoroquinolone and aztreonam
27
Q

pseudomonas tx

A

cipro or levofloxacin

28
Q

what is curb 65

A

admission criteria– admit if over two of:
* confusion
* uremia over 30
* RR over 30
* SBP under 90 or DBP under 60
* age over 65

29
Q

tx for legionella pneumoniae (if healthy & no abx vs comorbidies)

A
  • healthy: azithromycin
  • comorbidies: fluoroquinolone
30
Q

tx for staph aureus pneumonia

A

beta-lactam + macrolide

31
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae tx

A

macrolide

32
Q

klebsiella tx

A

3rd or 4th gen cephalosporin
OR
quinolone

33
Q

tx for anaerobic pneumonia

A

beta lactam + beta lactamase inhibitor (augmentin) OR clindamycin

PULM 1 (8 decks)

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