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PULM 1 > common outpatient resp. issues > Flashcards

common outpatient resp. issues Flashcards

1
Q

common cold incubation time

A

1- 3 days

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2
Q

medication for sneezing & rhinorrhea in common cold
* has SE of nasal dryness and epistaxis

A

ipratropium bromide

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3
Q

medication for mild improvement in rhinorrhea, throat pain & cough in common cold
* has SE of nasal dryness and epistaxis

A

cromolyn sodium

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4
Q

medication for sneezing & rhinorrhea in common cold
* has a lotttt of side effects

A

oral antihistamines

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5
Q

med for chronic cough in common cold

A

antitussives

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6
Q
  • Self-limited, usually viral inflammation of the bronchi
  • cough, which may include sputum production
A

acute bronchitis

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7
Q

rhonchi on auscultation, diffuse wheezing d/t bronchospasm, rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis, +/- adenopathy

A

acute bronchitis

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8
Q

though diagnosis of acute bronchitis is mostly clinical, if you did a spirometry what would you find?

A

low FEV1

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9
Q

what can you check to see if acute bronchitis is bacterial or viral?

A

procalcitonin level– if viral its low

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10
Q
  • cough suppressant for short term relief
  • SABA for sx
  • PO NSAIDS
  • decongestants

these are symptomatic treatments for what?

A

acute bronchitis

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11
Q

2 vaccines that can help in preventing bronchitis?

A
  • flu vaxx
  • pneumococcal for chronic bronchitis
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12
Q

ssRNA virus from orthomyxoviridae fam; HA & NA Ig important in immune response

A

influenza

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13
Q

why can you get the flu more than one time?

A

antigenic drift

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14
Q

flu incubation period and viral shedding timeline

A

incubation 1-4 days
viral shedding 24-48hrs before sx onset

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15
Q
  • Abrupt onset of fever, HA, myalgia and malaise
  • accompanied by URI, non-productive cough, ST, PND and rhinorrhea
  • normal chest exam; cervical adenopathy more prominent in younger pt
A

influenza

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16
Q

myosititis and rhabdomyolysis most frequent in kids w/ markedly elevated serum CPK

A

influenza

17
Q

2 populations to test for flu

A
  • high risk
  • immunecompromise or inpatient w/ acute fever or resp sx
18
Q

can you stop antiviral tx based on a negative rapid flu test

A

No!

19
Q

MOA: interfere w/ release of new influenza viruses from infected cells→ prevents new round of infection from starting

which class of flu medications

A

neuraminidase inhibitors

20
Q
  • ADR: N/V, rash; rare neuropsych effects (delirium, hallucinations, etc)
  • Pregnancy category C

which flu medication class

A

neuraminidase inhibitors

21
Q

oseltamivir and zanamivir are what kind of medication

A

neuraminidase inhibitors

22
Q

oral med used to treat flu A & B in over 2 wks old patients when used w/in 48hrs and prophylaxis for over 1 y/o

A

tamiflu

23
Q

inhaled med used to tx influenza A & B in over 7 yo and prophylaxis for over 5yo; increased risk of bronchospasm

A

zanamivir

24
Q

MOA: blocks viral replication by blocking viral M2 protein ion channel, preventing virus & host cell fusion; prevents uncoating of the virus proceeding its entry into cells
* increased seizure risk in ppl w/ epilepsy

A

Amantadine

no longer used!!!

25
Q

MOA: blocks viral replication by blocking viral M2 protein ion channel, preventing virus & host cell fusion; prevents uncoating of the virus proceeding its entry into cells
* increased seizure risk in ppl w/ epilepsy

A

Amantadine

no longer used!!!

26
Q

top 4 causes of chronic cough

A
  • upper airway cough syndrome
  • asthma
  • GERD
  • ACE-i
27
Q

most common cause of chronic cough in non-smoking immunocompetent pt w/ normal CXR

A

upper airway cough syndrome

28
Q

PE: draining posterior pharynx, nasal discharge, throat clearing, cobblestone
Tx: decongestant, 1st gen antihistamine +/- SABA

A

upper airway cough syndrome

29
Q
  • cough can be silent
  • oral PPI recommended
  • do 24 hr esophageal pH monitoring if no response to therapy
A

GERD cough

PULM 1 (8 decks)

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