pulmon

Question 1

Features of the trachea

Answer 1

is about 5 inches long and 1 inch in diameter; courses inferiorly anterior to esophagus and posterior to aortic arch

Question 2

features of the cartilaginous rings

Answer 2

are 16 - 20 C-shaped rings

Question 3

features of the bronchus

Answer 3

divides into right and left main (primary) bronchi at the level of the sternal angle of Louis

Question 4

features of the right bronchus

Answer 4

it is shorter, wider, and more vertical than the left bronchus; aspirated foreign objects more likely to pass into this bronchus

Question 5

features of the secondary bronchi

Answer 5

supply lobes of each lung (three on the right, two on the left)

Question 6

features of the tertiary bronchi

Answer 6

supply bronchopulmonary segments (10 for each lung)

Question 7

what happens to the bronchi beyond the tertiary bronchi

Answer 7

the passageways narrow considerably and eventually lose their cartilaginous support; thus forming bronchioles, with a terminal bronchiole supplying a lobule of the lung.

within the lobules, the respiratory bronchioles divide into alveolar ducts, sacs and alveoli

Question 8

what is the lung surrounded by

Answer 8

pleura

• visceral pleura: reflects off of the lung surface, innervated by the ANS (no tiene sensibilidad), irrigated by bronquiole arteries
• parietal pleura: lines the inner aspect of the thoracic cage, irrigated by intercostal arteries (consta de 3 porciones; costal, mediastinica y diafragmatica)

Question 9

what is the hilum

Answer 9

its a point at which structures (bronchus, vessels, nerves and lymphatics) enter or leave the lung

Question 10

features of the each lung

Answer 10

• lobes: three (superior, middle, inferior) in the right lung, two in the left lung
• horizontal fissure: only on right lung, extends along line of 4th rib
• oblique fissure: on both lungs, extends from T2 vertebra to 6th costal cartilage
• impressions: made by adjacent structures, in fixed lungs
• hilum
• lingula
• cardiac notch: indentation for the hear in left lung
• pulmonary ligament: double layer of parietal pleura hanging from the hilum that marks reflection of visceral pleura to parietal pleura
• bronchopulmonary segment: 10 functional segments in each lung supplied by a segmental bronchus and a segmental artery from the pulmonary artery

Question 11

inervacion de los pulmones

Answer 11

se deriva de los nervios vagos y simpaticos

no existen fibras sensitivas dolorosas