Pulmo. Hypox/ch.cough/acu+ch bronch/UACS 10-28 (1) Flashcards
Hypoxemia.
Reduced PiO2 examples?
High altitude
Hypoxemia.
PiO2 A-a gradient?
normal
Hypoxemia.
Reduced PiO2 corrects with supplemental O2?
yes
Hypoxemia.
Hypoventilation examples?
CNS depression, morbid obesity, neuromuscular weakness
Hypoxemia.
Hypoventilation A-a gradient?
normal
Hypoxemia.
Hypoventilation corrects with supplemental O2?
yes
Hypoxemia.
Diffusion limitation examples?
Emphysema, ILD
Hypoxemia.
Diffusion limitation A-a gradient?
Increased
Hypoxemia.
Diffusion limitation corrects with supplemental O2?
yes
Hypoxemia.
V/Q mismatch*
examples?
*caused by localized dead-space ventilation and/or intrapulmonary shunting.
Small PE, lobar pneumonia
Hypoxemia.
V/Q mismatch A-a gradient?
Increased
Hypoxemia.
V/Q mismatch corrects with supplemental O2?
Yes
Hypoxemia.
Large intrapulmonary shunt examples?
Diffuse pulmonary edema
+ atelectasis, pneumonia
Hypoxemia.
Large intrapulmonary shunt A-a gradient?
Increased
Hypoxemia.
Large intrapulmonary shunt corrects with supplemental O2?
No
Hypoxemia.
Large dead space ventilation examples?
Massive PE, right-to-left intracardiac shunt
Hypoxemia.
Large dead space ventilation A-a gradient?
Increased
Hypoxemia.
Large dead space ventilation corrects with supplemental O2?
No
Hypoxemia. Intracardiac shunt (right to left), examples?
Tetralogy of Fallot, Eisenmenger syndrome
Hypoxemia. Intracardiac shunt (right to left), A-a gradient?
Increased
Hypoxemia. Intracardiac shunt (right to left), corrects with supplemental O2?
No
Chronic cough. Duration in adults and children?
> 8 weeks in adults and >4 weeks in children
Chronic cough.
Most common causes. Upper airway disorders? 2
Upper airways cough syndrome (UACS) (postnasal drip) - Allergic rhinitis, Nonallergic rhinitis (vasomotor), Acute nasopharyngitis, Sinusitis.
Chronic sinusitis
Chronic cough.
Most common causes. Lower airway and parenchymal disorders?
Asthma
Post respiratory tract infection
Chronic bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
Lung cancer
Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis
Chronic cough.
Most common causes. Other causes?
GERL
ACEI