Pulm. Cancer Flashcards
Screening. what 2 criteria?
recommended for patients that fullfill 2 criteria:
1. >20 pack years smoking history
- Currently smoking or quit smoking within the past 15 years. (if stopped >= 15 years, do not needed to be screened)
Screening. what recommended test?
low dose CT scan of the chest
Screening. Recommended interval?
Yearly
Screening. age?
50-80 years
Screening. termination of screening? 2
Patient successfully quit smoking for >= 15 years
OR
Patient has medical conditions that significantly limit life expectancy
Adenocarcinoma. Incidence?
40-50 proc.
Adenocarcinoma. location?
treatment?
peripheral (involves pleura)
Stage
Chemoradiation
Resection
Adenocarcinoma. clinical associations? 2
Clubbing
Hyperthrophic osteoarthropathy
Squamous cell carcinoma. incidence?
20-25 proc.
Squamous cell carcinoma. location?
treatment?
Central
Necrosis and cavitation
Stage
Chemoradiation
Resection
Squamous cell carcinoma. clinical assoc?
Hypercalcemia (PTH-rp)
Small cell carcinoma. incidence?
10-15 proc.
Small cell carcinoma. location?
Treatment?
Central
Chemoradiation
Small cell carcinoma. clinical assoc?
Cushing syndrome (ACTH)
SIADH (ADH)
Lambert-Eaton syndrome
Large cell carcinoma. incidence?
5-10 proc.
Large cell carcinoma. location?
Peripheral
Large cell carcinoma. clinical assoc?
Gynecomastia
Galactorrhea
Secretes b-hcg
Solitary pulmonary nodule. definition?
It is defined by the features of round opacity, up to 3 cm in diameter, and surrounded by
pulmonary parenchyma
+ no assoc LN enlargement
Solitary pulmonary nodule.
by convention is must not be assoc. with what?
pleural effusion, adenopathy, or atelectasis
Solitary pulmonary nodule.
Most nodules are benign (eg, infectious granuloma, hamartoma)
.
Solitary pulmonary nodule. causes.
Primary lung cancer?
Squamous cell, adenocarcinoma , small cell, large cell & carcinoid [can be first in lung then go to intestine]
Solitary pulmonary nodule. causes. metastatic?
Melanoma , breast, head & neck, renal cell, colon, germ cell & sarcoma
Solitary pulmonary nodule. causes. benign infectious granulomas?
Tuberculosis , histoplasmosis , atypical mycobacteria , granulomas coccidioidomycosis , Cryptococcus & blastomycosis
Solitary pulmonary nodule. causes. benign neoplasmas?
Lipoma , hamartoma & fibroma
Solitary pulmonary nodule. causes. vascular?
Arteriovenous malformations
Solitary pulmonary nodule. findings that favour carcinoma? CT findings
CT scan findings
i. Large nodule size > 3
ii. Low density
iii. Spiculated borders
iv. Eccentric calcifications
Solitary pulmonary nodule. findings that favour carcinoma? clinical findings
Clinical findings:
i. Age >40
ii. History of smoking
iii. Weight loss
iv. Previous malignancy