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Pulmo Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Bullae or blebs seen in chest x-ray is a common finding with:

A

Emphysema

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2
Q

Intrinsic factors for asthma, EXCEPT:

a. Emotional stress
b. Upper respiratory tract infections
c. Fatigue
d. Foods

A

Foods (sweets)

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3
Q

Sixty percent of patients with HIV might develop what type of pneumonia?

a. Bacterial pneumonia
b. Viral pneumonia
c. Aspiration pneumonia
d. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

A

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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4
Q

Cor pulmonale is more common with what obstructive lung disease?

A

Chronic bronchitis

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5
Q

What are the cause/s of viral pneumonia?

a. Influenza virus
b. Cytomegalovirus
c. Adenovirus
d. All of these

A

All of these

MICAH

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6
Q

If the patient lies prone with a pillow under the abdomen is a 45 head-down position, you are draining what segments of the right and left lower lobes?

a. Anterior segments
b. Posterior segments
c. Lateral segments
d. None of these

A

Posterior segement

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7
Q

It is a form of ventilatory training that emphasizes sustained maximum inspirations?

a. Nebulization
b. Incentive spirometry
c. Coughing
d. Continuous positive airway pressure

A

Incentive spirometry

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8
Q 
Triad of cystic fibrosis: 
I. 	Bronchial mucus glands
II. 	Sweat glands 
III.	Sebaceous glands 
IV.	Exocrine cells of pancreas

a. I, II and III
b. I, II and IV
c. I, III and IV
d. II, III, IV

A

I,II & IV

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9
Q

What is the hallmark of tuberculosis?

A

Hemoptysis

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10
Q

Continuous high-pitched sounds of sometimes musical tones head during exhalation but occasionally audible during inspiration?

a. Crackles
b. Stridor
c. Wheezes
d. Rhonchi

A

Wheezes

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11
Q

The sternum is prominent and protrudes anteriorly. This is known:

A

Pectus carinatum

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12
Q

Honeycomb lungs is usually seen with:

A

Cystic fibrosis

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13
Q

A therapist treats a nine-year old child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. As part of the treatment session the therapist attempts to improve the efficiency of the patient’s breathing. The MOST appropriate technique to encourage full expansion at the base of the lungs is:

a. Manual percussion over the posterior portion of the ribs with the patient in prone
b. Manual contacts with pressure over the lateral borders of the ribs with the patient in supine
c. Manual vibration over the lateral portion of the ribs with the patient in sidelying
d. Manual cues over the epigastric area with the patient in supine

A

Manual contacts with pressure over the lateral borders of the ribs with the patient in supine

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14
Q

To drain the superior segments of lower lobes, the patient lies on:

a. Abdomen, head down, with pillow
under hips & foot of bed elevated 20 inches
b. Abdomen with two pillows under hips, bed flat
c. Back with pillow under knees, bed flat
d. Side, head down, pillow under knees,
foot of bed elevated 20 inches

A

Abdomen with two pillows under hips, bed flat

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15
Q

A type of bronchiectasis wherein there is dilation of proximal, large bronchi down to the 4th generation?

a. Saccular
b. Cylindrical
c. Cystic
d. A and c

A

A and C

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16
Q

X-ray findings for chronic bronchitis:
I. Right ventricular hypertrophy
II. Left sided heart failure III. Dirty-lung appearance
IV. Diaphragm muscle low and flat

a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and IV
d. All are correct

A

I & III

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17
Q 
First line drugs used for active tuberculosis 
I.	Rifampicin 
II.	Streptomycin 
III.	Pyrazinamide 
IV.	Guaifenesin

a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II, and III
d. All are correct

A

I, II, and III

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18
Q

Signs and symptoms of asthma would include the following, EXCEPT:

a. Coughing
b. Wheezing
c. Bradypnea
d. Use of accessory muscles of respiration

A

Bradypnea

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19
Q

A therapist perform palpation as part of a respiratory assessment with the patient in standing. Which structure would be most appropriate to assess with the therapist positioned behind the patient?

a. Lower lobes
b. Upper lobes
c. Left middle lobe
d. Mediastinum
e. Right middle lobe

A

Lower lobes

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20
Q

Improving humidification to the airways of the lung help in mucus clearance. This is called
______

A

Nebulization

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21
Q

Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by:

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

22
Q

Chest wall deformities due to spine deformities:

a. Have a marked effect on lung volumes and chest wall compliance
b. Result in restrictive lung disease
c. Includes kyphosis, scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis
d. All of the above

A

All of the above

23
Q

A coarse grating or crunching sound caused by inflamed surface of the visceral and parietal pleura rubbing together?

a. Stridor
b. Pleural friction rub
c. Rhonchi
d. Rales

A

Pleural friction rub

24
Q

Clinical manifestation of COVID-19, EXCEPT

a. Sore throat
b. Fever
c. Loss of sense of smell
d. Productive cough

A

Productive cough

25
Q

On assessment of an acutely ill patient, you note all the following in the region of the left lower lobe: decreased expansion, a dull percussion note, and the absent of breath sounds/tactile fremitus. You also observe a shift in the trachea toward the left, more prominent during inspiration. These findings suggest:

a. Left-sided atelectasis
b. Left-sided pneumothorax
c. Left-sided consolidation
d. Left-sided pleural effusion

A

Left-sided atelectasis

26
Q

On an AP chest x-ray, a patient exhibits a blunted left costophrenic angle. Which of the following is the most likely problem?

a. Hepatomegaly
b. Pleural effusion
c. Hyperinflation
d. Pneumothorax

A

Pleural effusion

27
Q

Which intervention would normally be beneficial to a patient with acute pulmonary edema?

a. Infuse a vasoconstrictor drug
b. Infuse a balanced electrolyte solution
c. Administer furosemide
d. Administer a bronchoconstrictor

A

Administer furosemide

28
Q

True about the infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), EXCEPT
a. A syndrome affecting premature infants that is caused by inadequate amounts of pulmonary surfactant
b. Also known as the Hyaline Membrane
Disease
c. Leads to massive atelectasis and hypoxemia
d. Alveolar surface tension decreases from the lack of surfactant

A

Alveolar surface tension decreases from the lack of surfactant

29
Q

PFT is usually contraindicated in which of the following conditions?

a. Emphysema
b. Chronic bronchitis
c. Asthma
d. Untreated pneumothorax

A

Untreated pneumothorax

30
Q

Which of the following are classified as restrictive lung diseases:

I. Kyphosis
II. Thoracic surgery
III. Kyphoscoliosis
IV. Scoliosis

a. III and IV
b. I, II, III and IV
c. II, III and IV
d. I, II, III and IV

A

D.

31
Q

To check upper lobe expansion, face the patient and:

a. Place the tips of your thumbs at the midsternal line at the sternal notch; extend your fingers above the clavicles
b. Place the tips of your thumbs at the xiphoid process and extend your fingers laterally around the ribs
c. Place the tips of your thumbs along the patient’s back at the spinous processes (lower thoracic level) and extend your fingers around the ribs
d. Place the thumbs at the nipple area and extend the fingers above clavicles

A

Place the tips of your thumbs at the midsternal line at the sternal notch; extend your fingers above the clavicles

32
Q

Cycles of gradually increasing tidal volumes followed by a series of gradually decreasing tidal volumes and then a period of apnea. This is sometimes seen in the patient with a severe head injury?

a. Apneusis
b. Orthopnea
c. Biot’s
d. Cheyne-stokes

A

Cheyne-stokes

33
Q

It is used primarily by patients who are ventilator-dependent because of absent or incomplete innervation of the diaphragm as the result of a high cervical-level spinal cord lesion or other neuromuscular disorders?

a. Pursed lip breathing
b. Diaphragmatic breathing
c. Glossopharyngeal breathing
d. Segmental breathing

A

Glossopharyngeal breathing

34
Q

The most common cause of pulmonary embolism is

a. Myocardial infarction
b. Deep vein thrombosis
c. Clotting disorder
d. Venous stasis

A

Deep vein thrombosis

35
Q

This pulmonary condition would result to contralateral mediastinal shifting:

a. Lobectomy
b. Left pneumonectomy
c. Right hemothorax
d. Segmental resection

A

Right hemothorax

36
Q 
A decreased VC may be the result of: 
I.	Chronic bronchitis 
II.	Cystic fibrosis 
III.	Bronchiectasis 
IV.	Lung cancer

a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II, III and IV
d. IV only

A

lung CA

37
Q

These are clinical situations frequently leading to ventilatory failure:

a. Flail chest
b. Neuromuscular or neurological disease
c. Status asthmaticus
d. All of the above

A

All of the above

38
Q 
What are 3 pulmonary complications seen with patients who undergo thoracic or abdominal surgery: 
I.	Atelectasis 
II.	Acute pneumonia 
III.	Acute respiratory failure 
IV.	COPD

a. I, II, III
b. I, II, IV
c. I, III, IV
d. II, III, IV

A

I, II, III

39
Q

In COVID-19, what are the major routes for transmission of human pathogens in the health care environment
I. Contact (direct and indirect)
II. Respiratory droplets
III. Air drop

A

I,II,III

40
Q

The drugs used as anti-TB include which of the following:

a. Streptomycin
b. Clindamycin
c. Erythromycin
d. Azithromycin

A

Erythromycin

41
Q

What is the position to drain the posterior segment of the right upper lobe?

a. Patient lies one-quarter turn from prone and rests on the right side. Head and shoulders are elevated 45 or approximately 18 inches if pillows are used.
b. Patient lies flat and one-quarter turn from prone on the left side.
c. Patient lies supine and the bed is flat.
d. Patient is sitting and leaning forward.

A

Patient lies flat and one-quarter turn from prone on the left side.

42
Q

The respiratory care practitioner receives an order for postural drainage on a patient to mobilize secretions from anterior segment of the right upper lobe of the lung. How should the patient be positioned for the lung to drain most effectively?
a. Patient lying supine with pillows under the knees
b. Patient lying on the right side in
Trendelenburg position
c. Patient lying on stomach in
Trendelenburg position
d. Patient lying on left side, rotated back
25 degrees, with the bed flat

A

Patient lying supine with pillows under the knees

43
Q 
Contraindications to CPT: 
I.	Recent spinal surgery or injury 
II.	Active hemoptysis 
III.	Large pleural effusions 
IV.	Pulmonary tuberculosis 
V.	Rib fractures

a. I, II, III
b. I, III and IV
c. II, III, IV and V
d. I, II, III, IV and V

A

I, II, III, IV and V

44
Q 
Disorders of cardiovascular/pulmonary origin: 
I.	pulmonary edema 
II.	interstitial pulmonary fibrosis 
III.	pulmonary embolism 
IV.	atelectasis

a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and III
d. I, II and IV

A

I and III

45
Q

A pulmonary condition in which there is an inadequate or abnormal pulmonary development?

a. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
b. Respiratory distress syndrome
c. Pneumothorax
d. Sarcoidosis

A

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

46
Q

techniques is the patient instructed to alter VT in three phases before a cough effort?

a. Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation
b. Autogenic lung drainage
c. Positive expiratory pressure (PEP)
d. Chest percussion or vibration

A

Autogenic lung drainage

47
Q

Benefits of pulmonary rehab, except:

a. Reduction in dyspnea & RR
b. Improvement in ADLs
c. Increased frequency of hospitalizations for respiratory impairment
d. Increased cognitive function & sense of
well-being
e. Decreased anxiety & depression

A

Increased frequency of hospitalizations for respiratory impairment

48
Q

Which of the following conditions will be requiring pulmonary rehabilitation?
a. Chronic lungs diseases such as
emphysema and chronic bronchitis
b. Patient with neuromuscular diseases
such as myasthenia gravis, GBS and poliomyelitis
c. Patient with central respiratory center
disorders resulting to hypoventilation
(ex. Sleep apnea)
d. All of these

A

All of these

49
Q

To drain the lingular segment of left upper lobe, the patient lies:
a. Head down on right side & rotates ¼
turn backward, foot of bed elevated 16 inches
b. Head down on left side & rotates ¼
turn backward, foot of bed elevated 16 inches
c. On back with pillow under knees, bed flat
d. On abdomen, head down, then rotates ¼ turn upward, foot of bed elevated 20 inches

A

Head down on right side & rotates ¼

turn backward, foot of bed elevated 16 inches

50
Q

The new in patient in the Cancer ward is post Radiotherapy for Bronchial carcinoma. Which of the following is contraindicated?

a. Percussion, Shaking
b. Breathing exercises
c. Postural Drainage
d. Coughing exercises

A

Percussion, Shaking

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