Pulmo Conditions Flashcards
Bullae or blebs seen in chest x-ray is a common finding with:
Emphysema
Intrinsic factors for asthma, EXCEPT:
a. Emotional stress
b. Upper respiratory tract infections
c. Fatigue
d. Foods
Foods (sweets)
Sixty percent of patients with HIV might develop what type of pneumonia?
a. Bacterial pneumonia
b. Viral pneumonia
c. Aspiration pneumonia
d. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Cor pulmonale is more common with what obstructive lung disease?
Chronic bronchitis
What are the cause/s of viral pneumonia?
a. Influenza virus
b. Cytomegalovirus
c. Adenovirus
d. All of these
All of these
MICAH
If the patient lies prone with a pillow under the abdomen is a 45 head-down position, you are draining what segments of the right and left lower lobes?
a. Anterior segments
b. Posterior segments
c. Lateral segments
d. None of these
Posterior segement
It is a form of ventilatory training that emphasizes sustained maximum inspirations?
a. Nebulization
b. Incentive spirometry
c. Coughing
d. Continuous positive airway pressure
Incentive spirometry
Triad of cystic fibrosis: I. Bronchial mucus glands II. Sweat glands III. Sebaceous glands IV. Exocrine cells of pancreas
a. I, II and III
b. I, II and IV
c. I, III and IV
d. II, III, IV
I,II & IV
What is the hallmark of tuberculosis?
Hemoptysis
Continuous high-pitched sounds of sometimes musical tones head during exhalation but occasionally audible during inspiration?
a. Crackles
b. Stridor
c. Wheezes
d. Rhonchi
Wheezes
The sternum is prominent and protrudes anteriorly. This is known:
Pectus carinatum
Honeycomb lungs is usually seen with:
Cystic fibrosis
A therapist treats a nine-year old child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. As part of the treatment session the therapist attempts to improve the efficiency of the patient’s breathing. The MOST appropriate technique to encourage full expansion at the base of the lungs is:
a. Manual percussion over the posterior portion of the ribs with the patient in prone
b. Manual contacts with pressure over the lateral borders of the ribs with the patient in supine
c. Manual vibration over the lateral portion of the ribs with the patient in sidelying
d. Manual cues over the epigastric area with the patient in supine
Manual contacts with pressure over the lateral borders of the ribs with the patient in supine
To drain the superior segments of lower lobes, the patient lies on:
a. Abdomen, head down, with pillow
under hips & foot of bed elevated 20 inches
b. Abdomen with two pillows under hips, bed flat
c. Back with pillow under knees, bed flat
d. Side, head down, pillow under knees,
foot of bed elevated 20 inches
Abdomen with two pillows under hips, bed flat
A type of bronchiectasis wherein there is dilation of proximal, large bronchi down to the 4th generation?
a. Saccular
b. Cylindrical
c. Cystic
d. A and c
A and C
X-ray findings for chronic bronchitis:
I. Right ventricular hypertrophy
II. Left sided heart failure III. Dirty-lung appearance
IV. Diaphragm muscle low and flat
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and IV
d. All are correct
I & III
First line drugs used for active tuberculosis I. Rifampicin II. Streptomycin III. Pyrazinamide IV. Guaifenesin
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II, and III
d. All are correct
I, II, and III
Signs and symptoms of asthma would include the following, EXCEPT:
a. Coughing
b. Wheezing
c. Bradypnea
d. Use of accessory muscles of respiration
Bradypnea
A therapist perform palpation as part of a respiratory assessment with the patient in standing. Which structure would be most appropriate to assess with the therapist positioned behind the patient?
a. Lower lobes
b. Upper lobes
c. Left middle lobe
d. Mediastinum
e. Right middle lobe
Lower lobes
Improving humidification to the airways of the lung help in mucus clearance. This is called
______
Nebulization
Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Chest wall deformities due to spine deformities:
a. Have a marked effect on lung volumes and chest wall compliance
b. Result in restrictive lung disease
c. Includes kyphosis, scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis
d. All of the above
All of the above
A coarse grating or crunching sound caused by inflamed surface of the visceral and parietal pleura rubbing together?
a. Stridor
b. Pleural friction rub
c. Rhonchi
d. Rales
Pleural friction rub
Clinical manifestation of COVID-19, EXCEPT
a. Sore throat
b. Fever
c. Loss of sense of smell
d. Productive cough
Productive cough
On assessment of an acutely ill patient, you note all the following in the region of the left lower lobe: decreased expansion, a dull percussion note, and the absent of breath sounds/tactile fremitus. You also observe a shift in the trachea toward the left, more prominent during inspiration. These findings suggest:
a. Left-sided atelectasis
b. Left-sided pneumothorax
c. Left-sided consolidation
d. Left-sided pleural effusion
Left-sided atelectasis
On an AP chest x-ray, a patient exhibits a blunted left costophrenic angle. Which of the following is the most likely problem?
a. Hepatomegaly
b. Pleural effusion
c. Hyperinflation
d. Pneumothorax
Pleural effusion
Which intervention would normally be beneficial to a patient with acute pulmonary edema?
a. Infuse a vasoconstrictor drug
b. Infuse a balanced electrolyte solution
c. Administer furosemide
d. Administer a bronchoconstrictor
Administer furosemide
True about the infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), EXCEPT
a. A syndrome affecting premature infants that is caused by inadequate amounts of pulmonary surfactant
b. Also known as the Hyaline Membrane
Disease
c. Leads to massive atelectasis and hypoxemia
d. Alveolar surface tension decreases from the lack of surfactant
Alveolar surface tension decreases from the lack of surfactant
PFT is usually contraindicated in which of the following conditions?
a. Emphysema
b. Chronic bronchitis
c. Asthma
d. Untreated pneumothorax
Untreated pneumothorax
Which of the following are classified as restrictive lung diseases:
I. Kyphosis
II. Thoracic surgery
III. Kyphoscoliosis
IV. Scoliosis
a. III and IV
b. I, II, III and IV
c. II, III and IV
d. I, II, III and IV
D.
To check upper lobe expansion, face the patient and:
a. Place the tips of your thumbs at the midsternal line at the sternal notch; extend your fingers above the clavicles
b. Place the tips of your thumbs at the xiphoid process and extend your fingers laterally around the ribs
c. Place the tips of your thumbs along the patient’s back at the spinous processes (lower thoracic level) and extend your fingers around the ribs
d. Place the thumbs at the nipple area and extend the fingers above clavicles
Place the tips of your thumbs at the midsternal line at the sternal notch; extend your fingers above the clavicles
Cycles of gradually increasing tidal volumes followed by a series of gradually decreasing tidal volumes and then a period of apnea. This is sometimes seen in the patient with a severe head injury?
a. Apneusis
b. Orthopnea
c. Biot’s
d. Cheyne-stokes
Cheyne-stokes
It is used primarily by patients who are ventilator-dependent because of absent or incomplete innervation of the diaphragm as the result of a high cervical-level spinal cord lesion or other neuromuscular disorders?
a. Pursed lip breathing
b. Diaphragmatic breathing
c. Glossopharyngeal breathing
d. Segmental breathing
Glossopharyngeal breathing
The most common cause of pulmonary embolism is
a. Myocardial infarction
b. Deep vein thrombosis
c. Clotting disorder
d. Venous stasis
Deep vein thrombosis
This pulmonary condition would result to contralateral mediastinal shifting:
a. Lobectomy
b. Left pneumonectomy
c. Right hemothorax
d. Segmental resection
Right hemothorax
A decreased VC may be the result of: I. Chronic bronchitis II. Cystic fibrosis III. Bronchiectasis IV. Lung cancer
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II, III and IV
d. IV only
lung CA
These are clinical situations frequently leading to ventilatory failure:
a. Flail chest
b. Neuromuscular or neurological disease
c. Status asthmaticus
d. All of the above
All of the above
What are 3 pulmonary complications seen with patients who undergo thoracic or abdominal surgery: I. Atelectasis II. Acute pneumonia III. Acute respiratory failure IV. COPD
a. I, II, III
b. I, II, IV
c. I, III, IV
d. II, III, IV
I, II, III
In COVID-19, what are the major routes for transmission of human pathogens in the health care environment
I. Contact (direct and indirect)
II. Respiratory droplets
III. Air drop
I,II,III
The drugs used as anti-TB include which of the following:
a. Streptomycin
b. Clindamycin
c. Erythromycin
d. Azithromycin
Erythromycin
What is the position to drain the posterior segment of the right upper lobe?
a. Patient lies one-quarter turn from prone and rests on the right side. Head and shoulders are elevated 45 or approximately 18 inches if pillows are used.
b. Patient lies flat and one-quarter turn from prone on the left side.
c. Patient lies supine and the bed is flat.
d. Patient is sitting and leaning forward.
Patient lies flat and one-quarter turn from prone on the left side.
The respiratory care practitioner receives an order for postural drainage on a patient to mobilize secretions from anterior segment of the right upper lobe of the lung. How should the patient be positioned for the lung to drain most effectively?
a. Patient lying supine with pillows under the knees
b. Patient lying on the right side in
Trendelenburg position
c. Patient lying on stomach in
Trendelenburg position
d. Patient lying on left side, rotated back
25 degrees, with the bed flat
Patient lying supine with pillows under the knees
Contraindications to CPT: I. Recent spinal surgery or injury II. Active hemoptysis III. Large pleural effusions IV. Pulmonary tuberculosis V. Rib fractures
a. I, II, III
b. I, III and IV
c. II, III, IV and V
d. I, II, III, IV and V
I, II, III, IV and V
Disorders of cardiovascular/pulmonary origin: I. pulmonary edema II. interstitial pulmonary fibrosis III. pulmonary embolism IV. atelectasis
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and III
d. I, II and IV
I and III
A pulmonary condition in which there is an inadequate or abnormal pulmonary development?
a. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
b. Respiratory distress syndrome
c. Pneumothorax
d. Sarcoidosis
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
techniques is the patient instructed to alter VT in three phases before a cough effort?
a. Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation
b. Autogenic lung drainage
c. Positive expiratory pressure (PEP)
d. Chest percussion or vibration
Autogenic lung drainage
Benefits of pulmonary rehab, except:
a. Reduction in dyspnea & RR
b. Improvement in ADLs
c. Increased frequency of hospitalizations for respiratory impairment
d. Increased cognitive function & sense of
well-being
e. Decreased anxiety & depression
Increased frequency of hospitalizations for respiratory impairment
Which of the following conditions will be requiring pulmonary rehabilitation?
a. Chronic lungs diseases such as
emphysema and chronic bronchitis
b. Patient with neuromuscular diseases
such as myasthenia gravis, GBS and poliomyelitis
c. Patient with central respiratory center
disorders resulting to hypoventilation
(ex. Sleep apnea)
d. All of these
All of these
To drain the lingular segment of left upper lobe, the patient lies:
a. Head down on right side & rotates ¼
turn backward, foot of bed elevated 16 inches
b. Head down on left side & rotates ¼
turn backward, foot of bed elevated 16 inches
c. On back with pillow under knees, bed flat
d. On abdomen, head down, then rotates ¼ turn upward, foot of bed elevated 20 inches
Head down on right side & rotates ¼
turn backward, foot of bed elevated 16 inches
The new in patient in the Cancer ward is post Radiotherapy for Bronchial carcinoma. Which of the following is contraindicated?
a. Percussion, Shaking
b. Breathing exercises
c. Postural Drainage
d. Coughing exercises
Percussion, Shaking
