Pulmo AnaPhy Flashcards
Accessory muscles for expirations, EXCEPT:
a. Abdominals
b. Internal intercostals
c. External intercostals
d. None of the above
External intercostals
This describes a pump-handle motion:
There is a forward and upward movement of the sternum and upper ribs
Caliper motion acts on:
ribs 8-12
The carina is seen on radiographs at the _________ or the fourth thoracic vertebra.
4th rib
The amount of air inhaled & exhaled with each breath is known as:
Tidal volume
An indentation where the root of the lungs enter:
Hilum
Are stretch receptors that are very sensitive to changes in pH, PaCO2 and PaO2:
Hering-Breuer reflex
The part of the lower airway where the trachea divides into right main stem & left main stem bronchi:
Carina
What cell type are considered flat cells lining the alveoli?
Type I alveolar cell
This cartilage serves as trap door which prevents food and water from entering into the trachea:
Epiglottis
Which of the following describes the vital capacity (VC)?
I. The sum of the TV, IRV, and ERV
II. Itis measured by a maximum inspiration followed by a maximum expiration
III. Approximately 4500 mL
IV. Decreases with age and is less in the supine position than inan erect posture (sitting or standing)
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and III
d. I, II, III and IV
d. I, II, III and IV
The upper and lower respiratory tracts, as a unit, serve which of the following functions:
a. Conduct air to and from the alveolar system for gas exchange
b. Assist with humidification and trap small particles to clean the air with the mucosal lining
c. Move mucus upward with the cilia
d. All of the above
All of the above
What are the muscles involved for relaxed inspiration?
I. Diaphragm
II. Internal intercostals
III. External intercostals
IV. Upper trapezius
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and III
d. I, II, III and IV
I and III
The product of breathing frequency and tidal volume (VT) is
Ventilation
The airway branch where alveoli first appear is the ___________.
Respiratory bronchiole
What is the maximal volume inspired after normal inspiration?
Inspiratory reserve volume
The following are causes of respiratory alkalosis:
I. COPD
II. Hyperventilation
III. Respiratory failure
IV. Ventilator
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and III
d. I, II, III and IV
II and IV
Causes shift to left of O2-Hgb dissociation curve:
a. Increased 2, 3 DPG
b. Increased pH
c. Increased temperature
d. Increased Hydrogen ions e. All of these
Increased PH
Is the anatomic gas exchange unit of the lung, made up of the respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, alveolar sacs, and the alveoli?
a. Capillaries
b. Air sacs
c. Acinus
d. Conducting zone
e. Alveoli
Acinus
How many segments are there in the left lung?
8