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Physiology Part 2 > pulm review > Flashcards

pulm review Flashcards

1
Q

What is equation for lung compliance?

A

C = V/P

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2
Q

What are the 3 forces that control respiratory system?

A
  1. chest wall expansive force
  2. lung elastic collapsing force
  3. frictional resistance determines lung compliance
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3
Q

equation for pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)

A

PVR = (mPAP - mLAP) / CO

pulm artery P - left atria P

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4
Q

systolic and diastolic pulmonary artery pressure?

A

systolic: 25 mmHg
diastolic: 10 mmHg

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5
Q

Normal Patm

A

760 mmHg

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6
Q

Normal Ph2o?

A

47 mmHg

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7
Q

Normal FiO2 [fraction of inspired O2]

A

0.21

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8
Q

What is R?

A

respiratory quotient = 0.8

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9
Q

What is normal cardiac output?

A

6 L/min

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10
Q

What is normal V/Q?

A

0.8

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11
Q

What is normal PaCO2?

A

40 mmHg

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12
Q

What is normal A-a gradient?

A

< 10 mmHg

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13
Q

What is equation for minute ventilation rate [Ve]

A 
Ve = Vt * RR
Vt = tidal volume
RR = respiratory rate
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14
Q

What are two equations for alveolar ventilation rate? [hint: one uses Vt and one uses Vco2]

A 
V[A] = (Vt - Vd) * RR
Vt = tidal volume
Vd = dead space
V[A] = Vco2 * K / PACO2
Vco2 = rate of CO2 production
PACO2 = alveolar PCO2
K = 863 mmHg for BTPS conditions
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15
Q

What is equation for physiologic dead space?

A

Vd = Vt * (PaCO2 - PECO2)/PaCO2

PaCO2 = alveolar or arterial PCO2
PECO2 = expired PCO2
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16
Q

What is normal Vd/Vt ratio?

A

1/3

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17
Q

What is normal Vd?

A

150 mL

18
Q

What is normal Vt?

A

450 mL

19
Q

What is normal RR?

A

14 / min

20
Q

What is the alveolar gas equation?

A

PAO2 = FiO2(Patm - Ph2o) - PaCO2/R

21
Q

What is AA gradient?

A

PAO2 - PaO2

22
Q

Is V/Q ratio higher at bottom or top of lung?

A

higher at top of lung [less blood flow]

23
Q

In dead space what are PAO2 and PACO2?

A 
PAO2 = 150 
PACO2 = 0
24
Q

Normal body temp?

A

37 C

25
Q

Fraction of O2, N2, and CO2 in atm at dry air 760 mmHg?

A 
O2 = 21%
N2 = 79%
CO2 = 0%
26
Q

What is solubility of O2 in blood?

A

0.003 mL O2/100 mL blood / mmHg

27
Q

Daltons law for partial pressure of gas?

A

Px = (Pb - PH2O) * fraction of gas that is x

28
Q

What is henry’s law for concentration of dissolved gas in solution?

A 
Cx = Px * solubility
Px = partial pressure of gas
29
Q

Between O2, CO2, and CO which are diffusion and perfusion limited?

A

O2 and CO2 perfusion limited

CO diffusion limited

30
Q

What is equation for O2 content of blood

A

O2 content = (1.34 * Hb conc * % saturation) + (0.003*PaO2)

31
Q

What is equation for rate of diffusion?

A

DA delta P / delta X

diffusion coefficient * surface area * driving pressure difference / thickness of barrier

32
Q

What is equation for O2 delivery?

A

O2 delivery = CO * O2 content of blood

33
Q

What is the O2 binding capacity of Hb?

A

1.34 *Hb

34
Q

What is the normal P50 of Hb?

A

25 mmHg

35
Q

What is venous PO2 and PCO2?

A 
PO2 = 40 
PCO2 = 46
36
Q

What 4 things decrease the affinity of Hb for O2?

A

shift curve right

  • low pH
  • high PCO2
  • high temp
  • high 2,3 DPG
37
Q

What are 5 causes of hypoxemic hypoxia?

A 
high altitude
hypoventilation
V/Q mismatch
right to left shunt
diffusion deffect
38
Q

What will pulse ox show in CO poisoning?

A

normal – because Hb is still bound

39
Q

In restriction:

  • FEV1
  • FVC
  • FEV1/FVC
  • RV
  • TLC
A
  • FEV1: lower
  • FVC: lower
  • FEV1/FVC: same or higher
  • RV: lower
  • TLC: lower
    obesity, pulmonary fibrosis
40
Q

In obstruction:

  • FEV1
  • FVC
  • FEV1/FVC
  • RV
  • TLC
A
  • FEV1: lower
  • FVC: slightly lower
  • FEV1/FVC: lower
  • RV: higher
  • TLC: higher
    asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, COPD

Physiology Part 2 (19 decks)

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