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Pulmonary > Pulm need to know > Flashcards

Pulm need to know Flashcards

1
Q

New born with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and scaphoid abd has?

A

Diaphragmatic hernia

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2
Q

Does Pnx have a scaphoid abdomen?

A

No, its has a mediastinal shift

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3
Q

How does CO kill you?

A

Stronger affinity to Hemoglobin - irreversible, very left shift

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4
Q

How do barbitures affect ABGs?

A

Respiratory depression (Increase C02+ Resp Acid). and Hypoxemia

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5
Q

What Pna has absent fevers or rigors, and a nonprod cough with bilat insterstitial inflitrates?

A

Mycoplasma, Mac/FQ/Dox

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6
Q

What helps to reinflate alveoli?

A

CPAPs - after drowning.

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7
Q

Inhalant abuse teenage patients present with ?

A

Encephalopathy

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8
Q

How are PEs diagnosed?

A

Angiogram or VQ scan (less invasive)

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9
Q

What is pulses paradoxus?

A

decreased BP with inspiration- asthma

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10
Q

What is the best Beta blocker for asthma?

A

Metoprolol

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11
Q

How do you diag Pna?

A

Infiltrates on Xray

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12
Q

How can GERD cause night time cough attacks?

A

Laying down, acid seeps into the trachea = bronchospasm

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13
Q

What med can lead to exercise induced asthma?

A

Mast cell stabilizer

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14
Q

Severe asthma attacks get…

A

Inhaled Saba + IV steroids

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15
Q

Severe Emphysema will have what pH, pC02 and P02?

A 
pH = low
pC02 = high
p02 = low
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16
Q

COPD has Resp acid or Resp alk?

A

Resp Acid

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17
Q

Asthmatics has Resp acid or Resp alk?

A

Resp Alk

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18
Q

If someone has asbestos exposure what cancers will they get?

A

MCC = Bronco carcinoma,

Then -> Mesothelioma a pleural cancer.

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19
Q

Chronic use of a ventilator at 100% 02 can lead to?

A

Pulm fibrosis

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20
Q

PEEP increases the risk of …

A

Hypotension due to Rside HF

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21
Q

Large bacteria like pneumococcal pna lead to dyspnea bc?

A

fill alveola with pus. This decreases 02 diffusion.

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22
Q

Beclomethasone is a low or high ICS?

A

low - used in Mild persistant asthma

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23
Q

What vaccinations does a COPD pt need?

A

Flu and Pna

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24
Q

What type of breathing is cycles of increased tidal vol and apnea?

A

Cheyne-Stokes

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25
Q

What type of breathing occurs after head trauma and is long seconds of no breathing?

A

Apneustic

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26
Q

meningities patients have what kind of breathing?

A

Biots

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27
Q

Diabetics have what kind of breathing?

A

Kussmaul = meta acid compensation.

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28
Q

What kind of PFT is seen in severe COPD?

A

Emphysema will have decrease diffusion for Carbon Monox.

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29
Q

Patho of Emphysema?

A

Destroyed elastic = air is trapped in lungs = increased residual capacity and increased total capacity.

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30
Q

Patho of hyperventilating?

A

uncomp respiratory alk = needs a brown bag.

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31
Q

MCC lung tumor in non smokers is?

A

Adenocarcinoma

32
Q

Tx for a tension Pnx is?

A

Chest tube thoracostomy

33
Q

What disease has Vit A deficiency, foul stools, Hx of URI, and chronic cough?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

34
Q

Another name for Croup is?

A

Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis. Same as Croup

35
Q

How can you diagnose a restrictive lung disease?

A

High Ct and Biopsy with a pulmonologist

36
Q

Solitary Pulm nodules are safe is you are…

A

<35, the nodule is <3

37
Q

How often do you FU with a pulm nodule?

A

3 months with a CT for 2 years. After 2 years, dont do anything

38
Q

What do you do with a patient with 88% 02 sat?

A

Supplement 02

39
Q

Bronchospams has what triad?

A

SOB, nonprod cough, and wheezing.

40
Q

What disease has Honey-combing and calcified pleural plaques?

A

Asbestosis

41
Q

Cruises, Trips, diahhrea and lung issues is caused by what bacteria and treated with what?

A

Legionnaires.

Azythromycin or FQ

42
Q

Post splenectomy the MCC of pneumonia is?

A

S. pneumonia

43
Q

02 dissociation curve to the left is caused by?

A

CO

44
Q

02 dissociation curve to the right is caused by?

A

Acid pH, Increase PCO2, Increased Temp

45
Q

Cold agglutinin assay is treated with?

A

Azythromycin = Mycoplamsa TB

46
Q

How do you treat RSV?

What age gets RSV?

A

02 and palivizumab.

<2 years

47
Q

Onset of tachy with HoTN on a vent with positive pressure can lead to?

A

Pnx

48
Q

Fine inspiratory crackles at base is associated with?

A

Restrictive lung disease

49
Q

Why do you do a VQ scan on a PE patient?

A

bc they are pregnant or have CKD

50
Q

Worsening patient with Asthma, resp akl, cyanotic needs?

A

Intubation

51
Q

Anti-glomerular + nephrotic + hemoptosis/ lung issues is?

A

Goodpastures

52
Q

Asthma exacerbations get?

A

Albuterol Nebulizer

53
Q

what has a lung calcification with fluid?

A

Lung abscess

54
Q

Multi air filled cavities in pleural space could be a

A

diaphragmatic rupture. Single air filled would be a hemopnx.

55
Q

Exudative effusions need?

A

Chest tube + Antibox

56
Q

A Pa02<55 =

A

02 sat<88

57
Q

Side effect of Fluconazole are?

A

Hepatotoxicity

58
Q

Why is low diffusion of CO expected in Emphesyma?

A

destroyed cartilage and alveoli = increase CO in alveoli spaces

59
Q

What is ARDS?

A

Hypoxic lungs - Sepsis, Trauma, Overdose

60
Q

What does a FB need for Tx?

A

Rigid Broncoscope and remove

61
Q

What will FB look like?

A

Sudden onset Unilateral rhinorrhea, Foul smell.

62
Q

FB diagnoses?

A

History + CXR (R-lung doesn’t collapse) = obstruction.

63
Q

What cough med does not cause addiction or constipation

A

Dextromethorphan (Robitussin)

64
Q

Positive Charcoal yeast is treated with what?

A

Azithro - Legionella

65
Q

Horner’s comes from?

A

Right side Apex cancer compression of sympathetic nerves

66
Q

What does Acute Asthma look like on CXR?

A

Normal

67
Q

Tx for a carcinoid Small Cell?

A

Rad + Chemo

68
Q

Multi rib fractures and pardadoxical breathing leads to?

A

Flail Chest

69
Q

How do you support a choking kid that is coughing?

A

Allow him to cough out the obstruction, then Heimlich

70
Q

AMS in COPD pt is due to?

A

Hypoventilation

71
Q

What genetic dx has lung and elevated ALTs?

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsan

72
Q

Cromyln Na’s MAO?

A

Mast cell stabilizer

73
Q

Most common COPD associated PNA?

A

Strep> Heamp>Morax

74
Q

Obstruction in the lungs can lead to what CO/02 distal?

A

low pH, increased C02

75
Q

Lancet shaped diploccoci are?

A

S. pneumo AKA pneumococcus

76
Q

Why does TB like the apex?

A

Increased 02 pressure

77
Q

Exercise induced asthma is due to?

A

Mast cell rupturing

Pulmonary (7 decks)

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