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Pulmonary > Pleural, Restrictive, Pnx > Flashcards

Pleural, Restrictive, Pnx Flashcards

1
Q

How do you know you have a pleural effusion?

A

Meniscus sign on CXR.+ SOB/Cough

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2
Q

What signs suggest Pleural Effusion?

A

Dull percussion, area above effusion gets wheezes and crackles.

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3
Q

How do you diagnose pleural effusion?

A

CXR - flat or meniscus (blunted costophrenic angle)

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4
Q

How do you treat a pleural effusion?

A

thoracentesis and antibiotics if needed

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5
Q

Transudative vs Exudative?

A 
T = CHF, PE, Cirrhosis
E = infection, Cancer
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6
Q

Isolated Rside pleural effusions are due to?

A

CHF

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7
Q

Isolated Lside pleural effusions are due to?

A

Aortic Dissection Boerhaave (ruptured esophagus)

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8
Q

R Lateral CXR will show what if it is T vs E effusions?

A 
T = thin and follow gravity
E = thick Empyema
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9
Q

A sudden onset of hypoxia and no breath sounds?

A

Pnx - One way valve into pleura.

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10
Q

Low BP and Hypoxia + increased pressure in the chest?

A

Tension Pnx - 2nd ICS, Mid clavicular line

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11
Q

Small Pnx treatment is?

A

02

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12
Q

Dry crackles =

A

Restrictive Lung Disease

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13
Q

3 main stiff/ Restrictive lung disease are?

A

IPF (Membranes), Sarcoidosis, Lupus

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14
Q

SOB +Erythema nodosum + clubbing is?

A

IPF

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15
Q

Pt with bilateral hilar adenopathy (hypercal, hyperAlk phose)?

A

Sarcoidosis.

ICS - Azathioprine and methotrexate.

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16
Q

What meds cause scarring lungs?

A

Amiodarone and Nitrofurantoin.

17
Q

Tx for acute IPF

A

ICS

18
Q

Lofgren is like acute…

A

Sarcoidosis

19
Q

eggshells is?

A

Silicosis

20
Q

↓ breath sounds + dull percussion + ↓ tactile fremitus is?

A

Pleural effusion

21
Q

What is more common in a pleural effusion CHF vs PNA?

A

CHF

22
Q

What is the most common cause of a massive pleural effusion (> 1.5–2 L)?

A

Malignancy

23
Q

interstitial lung disease characterized by alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

24
Q

collagen vascular disease - lower lobe fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension

A

Scleroderma

25
Q

necrotizing granulomas

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

26
Q

lateral decubitus film with the affected side down shows a…

A

Pleural effusion

27
Q

Tension Pnx get…Bc its fastest.

A

Large bore needle decomp.

28
Q

Methacholine challenge is for?

A

Asthma

29
Q

both obstructive and restrictive patterns of airflow disease

A

Silicosis

30
Q

pulmonary nodules are mostly?

A

granulomas

31
Q

Hypoxia causes vasoconstriction in which of the following vascular beds

A

Pulmonary

Pulmonary (7 decks)

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