Pleural, Restrictive, Pnx Flashcards
How do you know you have a pleural effusion?
Meniscus sign on CXR.+ SOB/Cough
What signs suggest Pleural Effusion?
Dull percussion, area above effusion gets wheezes and crackles.
How do you diagnose pleural effusion?
CXR - flat or meniscus (blunted costophrenic angle)
How do you treat a pleural effusion?
thoracentesis and antibiotics if needed
Transudative vs Exudative?
T = CHF, PE, Cirrhosis E = infection, Cancer
Isolated Rside pleural effusions are due to?
CHF
Isolated Lside pleural effusions are due to?
Aortic Dissection Boerhaave (ruptured esophagus)
R Lateral CXR will show what if it is T vs E effusions?
T = thin and follow gravity E = thick Empyema
A sudden onset of hypoxia and no breath sounds?
Pnx - One way valve into pleura.
Low BP and Hypoxia + increased pressure in the chest?
Tension Pnx - 2nd ICS, Mid clavicular line
Small Pnx treatment is?
02
Dry crackles =
Restrictive Lung Disease
3 main stiff/ Restrictive lung disease are?
IPF (Membranes), Sarcoidosis, Lupus
SOB +Erythema nodosum + clubbing is?
IPF
Pt with bilateral hilar adenopathy (hypercal, hyperAlk phose)?
Sarcoidosis.
ICS - Azathioprine and methotrexate.
What meds cause scarring lungs?
Amiodarone and Nitrofurantoin.
Tx for acute IPF
ICS
Lofgren is like acute…
Sarcoidosis
eggshells is?
Silicosis
↓ breath sounds + dull percussion + ↓ tactile fremitus is?
Pleural effusion
What is more common in a pleural effusion CHF vs PNA?
CHF
What is the most common cause of a massive pleural effusion (> 1.5–2 L)?
Malignancy
interstitial lung disease characterized by alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis
Goodpasture’s syndrome
collagen vascular disease - lower lobe fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension
Scleroderma
necrotizing granulomas
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
lateral decubitus film with the affected side down shows a…
Pleural effusion
Tension Pnx get…Bc its fastest.
Large bore needle decomp.
Methacholine challenge is for?
Asthma
both obstructive and restrictive patterns of airflow disease
Silicosis
pulmonary nodules are mostly?
granulomas
Hypoxia causes vasoconstriction in which of the following vascular beds
Pulmonary
