Public Management 1

Question 1

origins of public management: French and Germans

Answer 1

centralizing authority and territorial consolidation

Question 2

origins of public management: Americans

Answer 2

effects of democracy
effects of federalism
progressive era

Question 3

origins of public management: British

Answer 3

Fabianism and state action

Question 4

fabianism

Answer 4

socialism/social democracy

Question 5

why was public admin ignored for so long

Answer 5

poli sci focused on big questions
limited social change until the 19th century
minimal role of the state

Question 6

why did public admin start beconing noticed

Answer 6

territorial consolidation
industrialization
urbanization
rise of labour markets
cementing of market-based societies

Question 7

politics vs public admin vs public management

Answer 7

politics: what is the proper role of government, what policy should the government pursue
public admin: structures, institutions, policies, and programs
public man: how policy is formed, implemented, and evaluated

Question 8

does leadership ultimately matter for public administration

Answer 8

yes: importance of vision, strong character, executing goals
no: perception trumps all

Question 9

public/private sector similarities

Answer 9

large size
hierarchy
complex
manages and deploys resources
inter-organizational operation and relationships
finite financial and human resources
no guarantee of innovation

Question 10

features of private sector

Answer 10

profit
success/failure defined by profitability
competition
short term thinking
transactional relationship with rights
private property hides public scrutiny

Question 11

features of public sector

Answer 11

numerous goals
absence of competition
meet needs defined by elected government
rights by virtue of citizenship
long term thinking
many measures of failure
no bottom line

Question 12

who did structural-mechanistic approach to bureaucracy

Answer 12

weber,taylor, gulick, urwick

Question 13

what is structural-mechanistic approach to bureaucracy

Answer 13

vertical chains of command
command-and-control
managers manage workers work
absence of autonomy
tasks into constituent elements
specialization of units

Question 14

who did organic-humanistic approach to bureaucracy

Answer 14

follett, hawthorne studies, barnard, maslow, mcgregor, simon, argyris, drucker

Question 15

what is organic-humanistic approach to bureaucracy

Answer 15

horizontal co-ordination
manager-employee collaboration
communication matters
centrality of autonomy
encoruage collabs

Question 16

webers theory of bureaucracy

Answer 16

feature of modernity
rationalization process
hierarchy
unity of command
appointment and promotion of salaried professionals
full-time employment
formal rules
book keeping
bureaucrats as the masters of politicians

Question 16

taylor and scientific management

Answer 16

improving efficiency by scientifically studying work
division of labour
rational organisational behaviour
managers conceptualize employees execute
assigning jobs based on merritt

Question 17

consequences of scientific management

Answer 17

swells ranks of management
increased workplace alienation
compromised productivity and employee resistance
degradation of skills

Question 18

gulick + urwick: creating a science of administration

Answer 18

rational experts implementing policy
spans of control - narrow and broad
departmentalization

Question 19

narrow span of control

Answer 19

hierarchy
middle managers
managers supervise and quality control
quality control tradeoff of communication
perception of mismanagement due to no communication

Question 20

broad span of control

Answer 20

flatten hierarchy
thin layer of middle managers
improving communication
communication as trade off for quality control
stressed managerial capacities

Question 21

departmentalization

Answer 21

how should departments be organized
purpose
process
persons/things
place

Question 22

follett and problem of power in administrative studies

Answer 22

power as circular rather than linear
subordinates reactions to power and the consequences for organizations
employee motivation

Question 23

barnard

Answer 23

importance of communication
management and employee attitude
psychological incentives and organizational identification

Question 24

maslow

Answer 24

employees as people with needs workplace harmony and productivity hierarchy of needs and managements roles in identifiying such

Question 25

mcgregor

Answer 25

giving meaning to work through fulfilling workplace harnessing talent by encouraging employee contribution

Question 26

simon

Answer 26

organizations as the outcome of human action managing people is subject to interpretation no "science" of admin

Question 27

argyris

Answer 27

fusing organizational goals with developing human potential

Question 28

drucker

Answer 28

specialization and organizational tunnel vision involve employees in decision making

Question 29

fayol

Answer 29

organizational design and control

Question 30

gulick

Answer 30

POSDCoRB (planning, organizing, staffing, directing, co-ordination, reporting, budgeting)

Question 31

mintzberg

Answer 31

leadership in crisis management information-processing, decision-making, and interpersonal

Question 32

incrementalism

Answer 32

managers inherit policy institutional consistency fastest + easiest = best simple reforms institutional viability of reforms

Question 33

rationalism

Answer 33

managers look to future policies max goals and min costs think things through choose best option constant reviews

Question 34

bounded rationalism

Answer 34

middle ground of incrementalism and rationalism organization constraints, limited choices, be realistic limits of knowledge consider organizational/operational constraints

Question 35

mixed scanning

Answer 35

environmental situation of organizations assess environment incremental and fundamental decisions

Question 36

NPM

Answer 36

new public management bureaucracies operate like business

Question 37

NPG

Answer 37

new public governance politics over public admin concentration of power in exec style over substance

Question 38

What event does Ian Brodie defend as a valid use of executive power

Answer 38

2008 prorogation of parliament

Question 39

state action: conservatives

Answer 39

limited state role private sector runs free private solutions and individual responsibility minimized taxing and spending family, law, and order maximize state power in geopolitics

Question 40

state action: social democrats

Answer 40

active role of state common welfare taxes as social obligation mixed economy importance of fiscal discipline in order to enable spending states and the promotion of social justice abroad

Question 41

state action: liberals

Answer 41

middle ground between conservatives and SDs importance of private sector and regulation reconcile the private sector's long term health with the broader public good progressive income tax fiscal prudence, spend when required safety, security, social stability state promotes democracy and stability

Question 42

laissez faire

Answer 42

night watchman state (only acts during war)

Question 43

keynesianism

Answer 43

states use fiscal capacities to manage economies positive state and collective actions problems

Question 44

neo-liberalism

Answer 44

negative state new right state power and market mechanisms left's third wayers

Question 45

what is the chief human resources officer (CHRO) for

Answer 45

improves HR practices within civil service