Political Science

Question 1

Politics

Answer 1

Groups who cooperate/compete for scarce resources. Who gets what, when, how, and why

Question 2

Public policy

Answer 2

All government actions designed for the public interest

Question 3

Power

Answer 3

Ability of someone to get someone else to do something they wouldn’t otherwise do

Question 4

Public authority

Answer 4

use of power by the government is legitimate if it follows cultural prerequisites

Question 5

Political science

Answer 5

Uses scientific method to explain and predict the political world

Question 6

Normative political science

Answer 6

Philosophy/theory. Answers the questions, meaning, and purpose of goals of politics

Question 7

Empirical political science

Answer 7

how politics work based on how it has previously worked

Question 8

Qualitative method

Answer 8

search for meaning

Question 9

Quantitative method

Answer 9

based on observations and analysis of measurable data

Question 10

Inductive

Answer 10

making general conclusions following accumulation of independent observations

Question 11

Deductive

Answer 11

testing propositions through carefully selective empirical evidence

Question 12

Political ideology

Answer 12

oversimplification of reality, appealing more to emotions than reason

Question 13

Laws of nature

Answer 13

Nature vs god. Human affairs should follow natural laws and the natural human is free. Difference between nature and technological advancements in society

Question 14

Liberalism

Answer 14

individual freedom, abolitionism, private property as a right, institutions based on reason, economy over politics, limited government, rule of law, separation of powers, separation of church and state, self-determinatiin

Question 15

Social liberalism

Answer 15

liberalism with social protections

Question 16

Neoliberalism

Answer 16

Liberalism while reducing social protections and adding some authoritarian elements

Question 17

Nationalism

Answer 17

Nation is the natural centre of politics, each nation has right to self-determination

Question 18

Civic nationalism

Answer 18

equal rights and freedoms within the nation

Question 19

Ethnic nationalism

Answer 19

biological links within nation

Question 20

Communism and radical left

Answer 20

modern society is based on creating classes, exploited classes can overturn the system and establish a classless society

Question 21

Social democracy

Answer 21

society is based on creating classes, exploited classes organize and use political power to tea from society into a win-win social organization, emphasis on liberty, and maximum opportunity for all

Question 22

Anarchism

Answer 22

society is based on oppression. Human natural rights require us to liberate ourselves from the chains and have no laws

Question 23

Fascism and radical right

Answer 23

national community, constant struggle (war), hierarchy of people, cult of personality, appeal to emotions rather than reason, xenophobia and despise of the weak and handicapped, glorification of imagined past, rejection of progress, promotion of conspiracy theories

Question 24

Conservatism

Answer 24

rejection of revolution as instrument of change, rejection of extremism, respect of traditional authorities, hierarchical society, haves towards have-nots, skepticism about political progress

Question 25

Christian democracy

Answer 25

politics as a projection of moral principals of peace, solidarity, respect, and moderation. Rejection of extremism, reconcile differences, acceptance of change within accepted moral framework, moral responsibility of haves to have-nots, politics should promote good parts of human nature and discourage bad parts

Question 26

Religious political doctrine

Answer 26

strict application of religion in all social and political affairs, politicization of theology, rejection of differing interpretations of religion, rejection of secular ideology, glorification of imagined past, rejection of modern day concepts

Question 27

Populism

Answer 27

elites control population, unorganized population saved by charismatic leader, leaders deliver solutions despite of state institutions, could be left or right

Question 28

Civil rights

Answer 28

What citizens can do (equality under law)

Question 29

Civil liberties

Answer 29

What the government should not do (guarantees for citizens against government)

Question 30

Electoral process

Answer 30

Are elections free and fair

Question 31

Political organization

Answer 31

Can people form other parties and protest

Question 32

Interference from political factors

Answer 32

Are actors political choices influenced by non-political means

Question 33

Minorities

Answer 33

Do they have rights

Question 34

Power of elected officials

Answer 34

Do elected officials have the ability to do things

Question 35

Fight against corruption

Answer 35

Are there ways to fight corruption

Question 36

Transparency

Answer 36

Are citizens allowed to access and see the government

Question 37

Freedom of movement

Answer 37

Can citizens move around to different places in the country for different opportunities and leave the country

Question 38

Right to own property and establish private business

Answer 38

Self explanatory

Question 39

Right to pick family

Answer 39

Can citizens choose family size, their partner of choice, divorce, custody, etc

Question 40

Equality of opportunity and freedom from economic exploitation

Answer 40

No slavery

Question 41

Free and Independent media

Answer 41

No censorship

Question 42

Free expression of religious and non-religious beliefs

Answer 42

Self explanatory

Question 43

Academic freedom

Answer 43

Public financing and academic freedom

Question 44

Freedom of assembly

Answer 44

Rights to strike, protest, free from violence

Question 45

political participation

Answer 45

action that expresses an individual's political wilk

Question 46

first-rate vote

Answer 46

national/federal election

Question 47

secondary votes

Answer 47

municipal, provincial, MEPs

Question 48

public opinion

Answer 48

measures aggregation of individual views that represent feelings of the public towards an issue

Question 49

majority opinion

Answer 49

opinion of the majority

Question 50

elite opinion

Answer 50

members of society with high influence or knowledge

Question 51

how do people get their political culture

Answer 51

political socialization through existing

Question 52

marx political culture

Answer 52

theory of social basis and superstructure

Question 53

gramsci political culture

Answer 53

idea of cultural hegemony

Question 54

le bon in social-psychology tradition

Answer 54

theory of the crowd

Question 55

adorno in social-psychology

Answer 55

authoritarian personality

Question 56

weber in interpretative tradition

Answer 56

culture prerequisites of politics

Question 57

geertz in interpretative tradition

Answer 57

political anthropology

Question 58

almond and verba in empirical positivist studies

Answer 58

theory of civic culture

Question 59

inglehart in empirical positivist studies

Answer 59

post-material society

Question 60

bourdieu in social capital

Answer 60

the elite culture

Question 61

putnam in social capital

Answer 61

the democratic culture

Question 62

huntington and international political relations

Answer 62

the clash of civilizations

Question 63

tragedy of the commons

Answer 63

individuals have incentives to take as much as they can from a public resource

Question 64

prisoner's dilemma

Answer 64

individuals would benefit from cooperating, but each has strong incentives to defect

Question 65

free rider problem

Answer 65

individuals in a group have incentives not to contribute to its goals

Question 66

groupthink

Answer 66

decision making that discourages individual creativity and responsiblity

Question 67

veto points

Answer 67

institutional arrangement giving power of actors to impose effective veto on decision