public health, pa and excercise

Question 1

pa reccomendations for cyp

Answer 1

under 1- 30 mins day tummy time
1-2 years - 180 mins a day
3-4 years - 180 mins a day
5-18 years - 60 mins a day
cyp with disabilities 20 mins a day

Question 2

gov pa guidelines under 5

Answer 2

180 mins a day

Question 3

gov pa guidelines 5-18 years

Answer 3

60 minutes

Question 4

active lives survey young people

Answer 4

20.2% less than average 30 mins a day so not active
22.8 average 30-59 minutes so fairly active
47% 60 plus mins so active

Question 5

childhood obesity

Answer 5

prevelance increasing
in year 6 prevelance increased from 21 percent in 2019/20 to 15.5 percent in 2020/21

Question 6

stages of change

Answer 6

prochaska and diclemente
pre contemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
relapse

Question 7

school sport and activity plan 2019

Answer 7

children should do at least 60 mins a day
schools should ensure all pupils haveaccess to 30 mins pa a day delivered throigh pe lessens, lunchtime sport clubs
30 mins also delivered outside school

Question 8

change4life

Answer 8

increased sugar intake globally bad etc
campaign focused on sugar swaps

Question 9

studio you

Answer 9

research says girls enjoy pe lessons less than boys, social issues
free video based pe lessons

Question 9

the daily mile

Answer 9

4 152 848 kids now running a mile a day

Question 10

public health campaign strategies

Answer 10

pratt et al
population approach- produce favourable shifts in population distributions by encouraging everyone to be more active
high risk strategies- selective screening for risk factors, then theraputic interventions with the greatest risk

Question 11

public health campaign strategies 2

Answer 11

pratt etal
Physical and policy
environment – big picture
● Community/organisational
– community campaigns
● Interpersonal – family and
non-family social support
● Intrapersonal –
individually adapted

Question 12

high risk approach structured programmes

Answer 12

planned and organized approaches with clear protocols and goals to standardize care delivery and improve outcomes.
pros:
adherance up to 80%
safe excercise regime
social
individual motivation- participants know how intervention applies to them
weaknesses:
cost
time
does not fix root of societal problem

Question 13

unstructured programmes, pratt

Answer 13

individuals have the flexibility to engage in physical activities based on their own preferences and capabilities, without strict adherence to predetermined exercise routines or protocols. These programs may allow for spontaneous activity choices and variations tailored to individual needs
stregnths:
- accessibility
- adherance can be similar to structured if there is high motivation
- individual motivation where participants know how the intervention applies to them
weaknesses:
- adherance
- injury
does not fix root of societal problem

Question 14

population approach pros and cons

Answer 14

pros:
- cost effective
- lower time demand
- can focus on groups needing help
- behavioural appropriation
cons
- low motivation
- smaller individual benefit

Question 15

NICE guidance

Answer 15

Recommendations: restrict motor vehicle access; reallocate
road space; road user charges; create comprehensive
walking and cycling networks.
* Aims: to help prevent and manage >20 conditions e.g. CHD,
diabetes, cancer, obesity and mental health problems.
(Potential cost of obesity to UK economy by 2050 estimated
at £45 billion a year – almost half the NHS budget

Question 15

state of nation

Answer 15

around 3/4 of ppl ages 45-74 in england are overweight or obese
over 40% of individuals only have one to less than 3 portions of fruit

Question 16

public health england strategy 2020-25

Answer 16

smoke free society
healthier diets and weight
cleaner air
better mental health
best start in life

Question 17

the khan review to make uk smoke free by 2030

Answer 17

• invest 125 mill year to fund strategies
• increase age of sales of tobacco by one year every year
• use vapeing as a good way to quit
• prevention must become part of NHS DNA

Question 18

strategy example for smoking

Answer 18

the smoking ban
2007 ban on smoking in enclosed spaces
now supported by 83 percent of population including 52 percent of active smokers

Question 19

healthier diets and weight what wpuld happen if nothing changes

Answer 19

by 2050
90 percent of adults overweight or obese
50 bill year cost to society
67 percent of kids also same way

Question 20

5 goals for healthier diets and weights

Answer 20

promoting health of kids, 75 mill marketing campaign
promoting healthier food choices- healthy food code of good practice
building pa into peoples lives
personalised advie and support
creating incentives for healthy eating and pa

Question 21

strategy example for healthy weight and diets

Answer 21

sugar levy
2008, soft drinks levy introduces
any drinks sold with over 8g of suger means manufacturer has to pay a charge
nearly half of marker reported to be reducing sugar in drinks to avoid charge

Question 22

clear air statistics

Answer 22

28000 to 3600 deaths caused by air pollution yearly

Question 23

strategy example for clean air

Answer 23

congestion charge
introduced in london 2003
fee for vehicles entering london during the fay
extended to ultra low emission zone in 2019
led to 30 percent decreases in congestion

Question 24

mental health stats

Answer 24

1 in 4 adults now live with two or more mental health conditions

Question 25

aims for mental health

Answer 25

reduced development and exacerbation of MHD in at risk groups and children
increased mental health literacy across whole population
reduced inequalities
improve socil connections, housing and employment for people with MH

Question 26

how to improve mental health

Answer 26

influence and advise local gov and community partners on evidence based preventative measures
support NHS on MHD components of NHS long term plan including suicide prevention
deliver marketing campaigns focusing on improving knowledge of MHD
work with health education england to improve public health workforce promoting MH in workplace

Question 27

best start in life

Answer 27

Best Start in Life Campaign:

• Objective: The campaign aims to provide children with the best possible foundation for their future by focusing on early childhood development.
• Focus Areas: It emphasizes nutrition, health care, early education, and parenting support to promote holistic development.
• Strategies: Implementation involves community outreach, healthcare provider training, and policy advocacy to ensure widespread impact.
• Impact: By investing in early childhood, the campaign aims to improve lifelong health, education outcomes, and social well-being.
• Importance: Providing children with a strong start sets the stage for future success and reduces disparities in health and education outcomes.

Question 28

consequences of ageing

Answer 28

Decline in function = “Senescence”.
Metabolic and hormone changes resulting in reduced insulin
sensitivity.
Blood vessel walls become less elastic, increased atherogenesis
risk.
Damage to left ventricle of heart reducing ejection fraction
Reduction of number of cells in SA node.
Reduced t-lymphocyte count.
Changes in balance between bone synthesis and bone degradation
Cartilage cells degenerate

Question 29

benfits of PA in this age group

Answer 29

dementia by up to 30 percent
hip fractures by up to 68 percent
depression by up to 30 percent
breast cancer by 20 percent
colon cancer by 30 percent
type 2 diabetes by 40 percent
cvd by 35 percent
all cause mortality by 30 percent

Question 30

barriers to pa in old ppl

Answer 30

individual such as injury etc
social support and interaction, lack of
phys environment such as safetu facilitys weather etc
overall policy such as lack of supportive programmes etc

Question 31

METS for ageing

Answer 31

identify appropriate FITT for client
identify client background interests
match two together using evidence based practice