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PUBLIC HEALTH (ENVDs A-J)) Flashcards

1
Q

are non-communicable diseases that result when people are chronically exposed to toxic environmental chemicals

A

Environmental Diseases

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2
Q

Other contributory causes of ENVDs:

A
  • Radiation
  • Pathogens
  • Allergens
  • Psychological stress
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3
Q

ENVDs from A to Z:

A
  • Allergies & asthma
  • Birth defects
  • Cancer
  • Dermatitis
  • Emphysema
  • Fertility problems
  • Goiter
  • Heart Disease
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4
Q

Allergic rhinitis affects what age

A

aged 13-14 years old

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5
Q

Prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis

A

32.5% (Filipinos in Metro Manila)

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6
Q

Allergic rhinitis is triggered by

A
  • Pollutants
  • Chemicals
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7
Q

happens when pregnant women are exposed to chemicals or drink a lot of alcohol, harmful substances that reach the fetus

A

Birth defects

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8
Q

What causes birth defects

A

Aspirin & cigarette smoking

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9
Q

How many babies are born with birth defects in US each year

A

150,000 babies

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10
Q

___% of annual births in the country. Total of ______cases of birth defects per year

A

6.3%, 1240

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11
Q

occurs when a cell or group of cells begin to multiply more rapidly than normal

A

Cancer

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12
Q

As cancer spread, they affect nearby organs & tissues in the body

A

Mestastasis

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13
Q

How many Americans have cancer

A

8 million

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14
Q

How many are killed per year, every day, and every hour in the Philippines

A

Every year: 300,000 victims killed per year
Everyday: 800
Every hour: 33

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15
Q

Cancer caused by substances in the environment:

A

a. Cigarette smoke
b. Asbestos
c. Radiation
d. Natural & man-made chemicals
e. Alcohol
f. Sunlight (too much exposure)

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16
Q

chemicals in paints, dyes, cosmetics and detergents can cause rashes & blisters

A

Dermatitis

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17
Q

fancy name for inflamed, irritated skin

A

Dermatitis

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18
Q

In dermatitis, what causes unusual reactions

A

Fabrics, food, & certain medications

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19
Q

In dermatitis, what makes the skin dry & chapped

A

Too much wind & sun

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20
Q

In dermatitis, what can cause rashes & blisters

A

Chemical in paints, dyes, cosmetics, & detergents

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21
Q

a disease of the lungs that is caused by air pollution & cigarette smoke that can break down sensitive tissue in the lungs

22
Q

happens when the lungs can’t expand & contract properly

23
Q

ranks the 7th top cause of death in the Philippines (prevalence studied in 2005)

24
Q

Prevalence rate & cases of Emphysema

A

Cases:
America: 2 million
Philippines: 634,130 cases

Prevalence:
14% in Metro Manila
20% in rural areas

25
inability to produce children
Fertility problems
26
Fertility problems can be caused by
- Infections from sexual diseases - Exposure to chemicals on the job or elsewhere in the environment - Too much caffeine can temporarily reduce a woman's fertility
27
In the PH, 1 in 8 couples has this problem
Fertility problems
28
happens when people don't get enough iodine in their diet that can cause thyroid gland to enlarge
Goiter
29
In Goiter, patients are unsually
- restless - nervous - sluggish - lethargic
30
became rare when health officials decided that iodine should be added to salt
Goiter
31
_______________ to be included in the "Sankap Pinoy Seal Program"
Iodized salt
32
- a strategy to encourage food manufacturers to fortify processed foods & food products with essential nutrient at levels approved by the DOH - started when the NNS released results that Filipinos are micronutrient deficient in: Vit A, Iodine, Iron
Sangkap Pinoy Seal Program
33
which is the Philippine Food Fortification Act which requires a mandatory food fortification for all staple foods
R.A. 8976
34
(Act for Salt Iodization Nationwide, commonly known as ASIN), implemented which aimed to solve iodine deficiency in the Philippines
R.A. 8172
35
As of 2008, there are _____ processed food products having Sangkap Pinoy Seal where _____% of them are snack foods
139, 37%
36
Vitamin A: ___% Iron: ___% Iodine: ____%
Vit A: 83% Iron: 29% Iodine: 14%
37
more than 1 in 4 Americans suffer from diseases of the heart & blood vessels
Heart Disease
38
these diseases cause almost half of all deaths in America
Heart disease
39
each year, ______ Filipinos die from cardiovascular diseases
170,000 - a mortality right higher than those caused by typhoons that hit the country every year
40
Heart disease is also known as
"Thief of the night"
41
quietly sneaks into homes & hospital beds, snuffing the life out of 19 Filipinos each hour
Heart disease
42
Male heart disease: Female heart disease:
Male: 40 & 45 years old Female: 50 & 55 years old
43
Heart disease is due to
- Poor eating habits - Lack of exercise - Environmental chemicals
44
Chemicals are broken down into harmless substances by the liver, some are converted into particles called _______ that react with proteins in the blood to form fatty deposits called ______
Free radicals, plaques
45
Immune system fights:
- germs - viruses - poisons that attack the body
46
Immune Deficiency diseases are composed of:
- Plasma cell - Memory B Cell - Killer T Cell - Memory T cells - T helper cells - Natural Killer T cell - Innate lymphoid cell - Natural killer cell
47
In Immune deficiency disease, what can weaken the immune system by damaging its specialized cells making the body vulnerable to diseases
Drugs & chemicals
48
many are caused by chemicals & other agents present in the workplace
Job-related Illness
49
In job-related illness, factories & scientific laboratories: at risk contaminated with
1. poisonous chemicals 2. dyes 3. metals
50
In job-related illness, doctors & nurses at risk with:
1. radiation 2. bacteria 3. viruses
51
about _____ workers die from job-related diseases everyday
137
52
In job-related illness, workers can protect themselves by wearing
a. special suits b. goggles c. masks d. gloves e. ear plugs & other equipment

P3 (11 decks)

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