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P3 > PUBLIC HEALTH (ENVDs A-J)) > Flashcards

PUBLIC HEALTH (ENVDs A-J)) Flashcards

1
Q

are non-communicable diseases that result when people are chronically exposed to toxic environmental chemicals

A

Environmental Diseases

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2
Q

Other contributory causes of ENVDs:

A
  • Radiation
  • Pathogens
  • Allergens
  • Psychological stress
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3
Q

ENVDs from A to Z:

A
  • Allergies & asthma
  • Birth defects
  • Cancer
  • Dermatitis
  • Emphysema
  • Fertility problems
  • Goiter
  • Heart Disease
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4
Q

Allergic rhinitis affects what age

A

aged 13-14 years old

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5
Q

Prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis

A

32.5% (Filipinos in Metro Manila)

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6
Q

Allergic rhinitis is triggered by

A
  • Pollutants
  • Chemicals
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7
Q

happens when pregnant women are exposed to chemicals or drink a lot of alcohol, harmful substances that reach the fetus

A

Birth defects

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8
Q

What causes birth defects

A

Aspirin & cigarette smoking

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9
Q

How many babies are born with birth defects in US each year

A

150,000 babies

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10
Q

___% of annual births in the country. Total of ______cases of birth defects per year

A

6.3%, 1240

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11
Q

occurs when a cell or group of cells begin to multiply more rapidly than normal

A

Cancer

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12
Q

As cancer spread, they affect nearby organs & tissues in the body

A

Mestastasis

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13
Q

How many Americans have cancer

A

8 million

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14
Q

How many are killed per year, every day, and every hour in the Philippines

A

Every year: 300,000 victims killed per year
Everyday: 800
Every hour: 33

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15
Q

Cancer caused by substances in the environment:

A

a. Cigarette smoke
b. Asbestos
c. Radiation
d. Natural & man-made chemicals
e. Alcohol
f. Sunlight (too much exposure)

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16
Q

chemicals in paints, dyes, cosmetics and detergents can cause rashes & blisters

A

Dermatitis

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17
Q

fancy name for inflamed, irritated skin

A

Dermatitis

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18
Q

In dermatitis, what causes unusual reactions

A

Fabrics, food, & certain medications

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19
Q

In dermatitis, what makes the skin dry & chapped

A

Too much wind & sun

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20
Q

In dermatitis, what can cause rashes & blisters

A

Chemical in paints, dyes, cosmetics, & detergents

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21
Q

a disease of the lungs that is caused by air pollution & cigarette smoke that can break down sensitive tissue in the lungs

A

Emphysema

22
Q

happens when the lungs can’t expand & contract properly

A

Emphysema

23
Q

ranks the 7th top cause of death in the Philippines (prevalence studied in 2005)

A

Emphysema

24
Q

Prevalence rate & cases of Emphysema

A

Cases:
America: 2 million
Philippines: 634,130 cases

Prevalence:
14% in Metro Manila
20% in rural areas

25
Q

inability to produce children

A

Fertility problems

26
Q

Fertility problems can be caused by

A
  • Infections from sexual diseases
  • Exposure to chemicals on the job or elsewhere in the environment
  • Too much caffeine can temporarily reduce a woman’s fertility
27
Q

In the PH, 1 in 8 couples has this problem

A

Fertility problems

28
Q

happens when people don’t get enough iodine in their diet that can cause thyroid gland to enlarge

A

Goiter

29
Q

In Goiter, patients are unsually

A
  • restless
  • nervous
  • sluggish
  • lethargic
30
Q

became rare when health officials decided that iodine should be added to salt

A

Goiter

31
Q

_______________ to be included in the “Sankap Pinoy Seal Program”

A

Iodized salt

32
Q
  • a strategy to encourage food manufacturers to fortify processed foods & food products with essential nutrient at levels approved by the DOH
  • started when the NNS released results that Filipinos are micronutrient deficient in: Vit A, Iodine, Iron
A

Sangkap Pinoy Seal Program

33
Q

which is the Philippine Food Fortification Act which requires a mandatory food fortification for all staple foods

A

R.A. 8976

34
Q

(Act for Salt Iodization Nationwide, commonly known as ASIN), implemented which aimed to solve iodine deficiency in the Philippines

A

R.A. 8172

35
Q

As of 2008, there are _____ processed food products having Sangkap Pinoy Seal where _____% of them are snack foods

A

139, 37%

36
Q

Vitamin A: ___%
Iron: ___%
Iodine: ____%

A

Vit A: 83%
Iron: 29%
Iodine: 14%

37
Q

more than 1 in 4 Americans suffer from diseases of the heart & blood vessels

A

Heart Disease

38
Q

these diseases cause almost half of all deaths in America

A

Heart disease

39
Q

each year, ______ Filipinos die from cardiovascular diseases

A

170,000 - a mortality right higher than those caused by typhoons that hit the country every year

40
Q

Heart disease is also known as

A

“Thief of the night”

41
Q

quietly sneaks into homes & hospital beds, snuffing the life out of 19 Filipinos each hour

A

Heart disease

42
Q

Male heart disease:
Female heart disease:

A

Male: 40 & 45 years old
Female: 50 & 55 years old

43
Q

Heart disease is due to

A
  • Poor eating habits
  • Lack of exercise
  • Environmental chemicals
44
Q

Chemicals are broken down into harmless substances by the liver, some are converted into particles called _______ that react with proteins in the blood to form fatty deposits called ______

A

Free radicals, plaques

45
Q

Immune system fights:

A
  • germs
  • viruses
  • poisons that attack the body
46
Q

Immune Deficiency diseases are composed of:

A
  • Plasma cell
  • Memory B Cell
  • Killer T Cell
  • Memory T cells
  • T helper cells
  • Natural Killer T cell
  • Innate lymphoid cell
  • Natural killer cell
47
Q

In Immune deficiency disease, what can weaken the immune system by damaging its specialized cells making the body vulnerable to diseases

A

Drugs & chemicals

48
Q

many are caused by chemicals & other agents present in the workplace

A

Job-related Illness

49
Q

In job-related illness, factories & scientific laboratories: at risk contaminated with

A
  1. poisonous chemicals
  2. dyes
  3. metals
50
Q

In job-related illness, doctors & nurses at risk with:

A
  1. radiation
  2. bacteria
  3. viruses
51
Q

about _____ workers die from job-related diseases everyday

A

137

52
Q

In job-related illness, workers can protect themselves by wearing

A

a. special suits
b. goggles
c. masks
d. gloves
e. ear plugs & other equipment

P3 (7 decks)

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