*Public Health (dental public health + ...)

Question 1

What is disability-adjusted life-years?

Answer 1

The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death.

Question 2

What are the main risk factors for dental carries, periodontal disease and trauma to the teeth?

Answer 2

Diet
Stress
Control
Hygiene
Smoking (periodontal disease)
Alcohol (teeth trauma)
Injury

Question 3

What are the 3 things required for the formation of dental caries?

Answer 3

Tooth
Bacteria
Sugar

Question 4

What scoring system is used to measure dental caries?

Answer 4

DMF index
Number decayed, missing or filled added together
This scoring has problems as not all teeth are lost through caries for example

Question 5

What is def?

Answer 5

A count of all primary teeth that are decayed. extracted or filled due to caries

Question 6

What is DMFS?

Answer 6

A count of all decayed or missing or filled tooth surfaces

Question 7

What is the national dental inspection programme?

Answer 7

Has 2 levels
Basic examination is given to all P1 and P7 children
Detailed exam is given to representative samples of either P1 or P7 children inspected in alternate years

Question 8

What is a caries trend

Answer 8

The distribution of caries in a population through time

Question 9

Is there any factor involved in the unequal distribution of dental caries?

Answer 9

Socio-economic status

Question 10

Where in the mouth is dental caries most likely seen

Answer 10

The upper teeth

Molars

Question 11

What is periodontal disease

Answer 11

A group of related conditions, both acute and chronic, characterised by inflammation of the periodontal tissues in response to the presence of dental plaque e.g. gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, necrotising ulcerative gingivitis, periodontal abscess, period-endo lesion, gingival enlargement

Question 12

What are examples of medical conditions that periodontal disease has been associated with?

Answer 12

Atherosclerosis, stroke, MI, adverse pregnancy outcomes, diabetes, respiratory infections, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, obesity

Question 13

Stages of periodontal disease? (4)

Answer 13

Gingivitis
Gingivitis + mild periodontitis
Gingivitis + moderate periodontitis
Gingivitis + severe periodontitis and recession

Question 14

How are periodontal diseases treated?

Answer 14

Oral hygiene
Stop smoking
Scaling and root planing
Surgery
Long term maintenance
Extraction

Question 15

What is a dental public health intervention in scotland that is designed to improve the oral health of children in Scotland and reduce inequalities both in dental health and access to dental services?

Answer 15

Childsmile

Question 16

How does physical activity help with GI conditions

Answer 16

It reduces:
Constipation
Diverticulitis disease
Gall stones
Colon cancer
Mortality from Colin cancer

Question 17

What does dietary fibre reduce your risk of? (6)

Answer 17

CHD
stroke
Hypertension
Diabetes
Obesity
GI disease

Question 18

Types of dietary fibre

Answer 18

Soluble - beans, lentils, fruits, oats

insoluble - whole grain, vegetables, beans, lentils

Question 19

U.S. Dietary whole grain guidelines?

Answer 19

3 X 16g of whole grain a day

Question 20

UK guidelines for red and proceeded meat?

Answer 20

70g a day (no more)

Question 21

What does salt intake increase risk of

Answer 21

Hypertension
Left ventricular failure
Bone health
Gastric cancer