Public Health Concepts Flashcards
What are the 3 core functions of public health?
- Assessment
- Policy Development
- Assurance
What is an example of an Assessment?
A nurse at the city health center compares the number of homeless persons in various neighborhoods of philadelphia
What is an example of policy development?
The nurse at the city health center collaborates with the philadelphia office of homeless services to draft and advocate for policies addressing the needs of the housing unstable population in PA.
What’s an example of Assurance?
The population health nurse provides essential personal health services to marginalized population in the community.
Define Primary Prevention.
Its before the injury or presence of condition or disease. It targets healthy individuals
Example of Primary Prevention:
Teaching healthy lifestyles, Immunizing children before school entry, review/ update immunizations, education of the use of PPE in the workplace
Define secondary prevention:
Emphasizes early detection, risk reduction and mitigate progression of condition or disease.
Example of secondary prevention
Screening of health conditions, vision/ hearing test, lead testing in communities with older homes
Define tertiary prevention
Treatment and recovery of condition of disease with the goal of symptom reductions and improvement in quality of life
Example of tertiary prevention
Caring for children with chronic conditions, monitor workers with HTN to ensure appro. BP management and med adherence, administering chelating med for children with high blood lead levels
What are the three levels of interventions?
- Upstream
- Midstream
- Downstream
Define Upstream
Ensures everyone in the population has access to these conditions through actions taken at the societal level ( State or federal level). Policy making that affects a community
Example of Upstream:
State laws that ban smoking in public places
Define Midstream
Changes conditions from those that negatively affects people’s health to ones that positively affect their health * Community level*
Example of Midstream:
Employer enforcing higher insurance premium for tobacco users.
Holding a food pantry in an area that is a food desert.
Employer allowing their employees paid time off to visit their primary care provider.
Define Downstream
Changes behaviors that contribute to stress or poor health Individual level
Example of downstream
Tobacco cessation program
Role of a forensic nurse
Caring for victims of injuries
Goal= Improve health/legal outcomes for victims of violence
Primary level of prevention for forensic nursing
Develop programs that promote safety and avoidance of violence
* Prevent disease/injury before it occurs*
Secondary prevention for forensic nursing
Provide timely, direct care to injured, both victim and perpetrator of crime and violent behaviors
Target people at risk
Tertiary prevention for forensic nursing
Refer clients to appropriate community services for follow- up care and rehabilitation
Condition is present> TREATMENT
Role of School Nursing
Provide up to date and appropriate direct care
Collaborate with other health professionals and school staff
Primary level of prevention for school nursing
Teach healthy lifestyle, Immunizing children for school entry, and teach about safety
Secondary prevention for school nursing
Provide screening> vision/ hearing, depression, bullying, neglect, lice
*Assessment of illness and/ or injury
Tertiary prevention of school nursing
Caring for children with chronic conditions
The nurse holds a diabetes clinic at an adult day center for clients who have diabetes. Which level of prevention is this action?
Tertiary
The school nurse administers the Bullying Survery for students for all 9th grade students at JHS. This represents?
Secondary Prevention
You are asked to conduct a windshield survey. What core function of public health does this action fall under?
Assessment
The local YMCA hosts a fire safety fair for the community. Which level of prevention is being demonstrated?
Primary
Which two states use modified Federal Poverty Level
Hawaii and Akaska
The nurse in the ED administes the rabies vaccine to a patient who was bitten by a stray dog. What level of prevention is this action?
Secondary
Pepper suffered a fall at home. As a result, grab bars have been installed in pepper’s bathroom. What level of prevention is this?
Tertiary
A nurse petition for the building of the grocery store in a community that is a known food desert. What level of intervention is the nurse practicing?
Midstream
The COVID stimulus checks are an example of what level of intervention?
Upstream
What is a hallmark of population health nursing?
Focused on creating a healthy environment
