Public Health Flashcards
what are the behavioural risks of CVD
physical inactivity, smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diet, alcohol
what are the social and environmental risk factors of CVD
employment, housing, family history, pollution, poverty
give examples if modifiable risk factors
Blood pressure, cholesterol hypertension, alcohol, physical activity, smoking
what is a systematic review
all trials on a specific treatment
what is a guideline
review large body of evidence, synthesise evidence with clinical experience
what types of evidence are used to create guidelines
diagnosis, treatment, long term management
which risk factors are used to determine cardiovascular risk in the UK
(ASSIGN score) Age Sex Smoking Systolic BP Total cholesterol HDL cholesterol Family history of premature CVD Diagnosis of diabetes Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis Deprivation
what is absolute risk
Also known as total risk or global risk
Defined as the % chance of an individual having a CVD event over a given period of time
what is relative risk
Refers to the risk of someone of having a CVD event compared to someone else
in what groups of people will CVD risk be higher in
People with atrial fibrillation
People from specific minority ethnic groups
Women with premature menopause
what interventions are need to lower cardiovasular disease risk factors
both individual (high risk) and population (low risk) intervention
what is primary prevention
Reduce incidence in a population
what is secondary prevention
Detection and treatment of pre-symptomatic disease
what is tertiary prevention
Reducing incidence/recurrences of chronic incapacity among those with symptomatic disease
