Public Health

Question 1

list cardiovascular diseases

Answer 1

coronary heart disease
stroke
hypertension
artery diseases e.g. atherosclerosis
vein diseases e.g. deep vein thrombosis
heart valve diseases e.g. rheumatic heart disease
lymph vessel and capillary diseases e.g. lymphoedema

Question 2

list the modifiable risk factors for CVD

Answer 2

smoking
dyslipidaemia
raised BP
diabetes mellitus
obesity
dietary factors
thrombogenic factors
lack of exercise
excess alcohol intake

Question 3

list the non-modifiable risk factors for CVD

Answer 3

personal history of CVD
family history of CVD
age
gender
deprivation

Question 4

CVD risk can be assessed using the ASSIGN score. What risk factors matter in ASSIGN?

Answer 4

current age
sex
Scottish postcode
family history of CHD/ stroke
diabetes
cigarettes smoked daily
systolic BP
total cholesterol
HDL cholesterol

Question 5

what is a “high” risk of CVD?

Answer 5

> 20% chance of an event in the next 10 years

Question 6

CVD risk is far greater for smokers than for equivalent non-smokers. True/ false?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

what is primary prevention of a disease?

Answer 7

stopping a disease before it starts

Question 8

what is secondary prevention of a disease?

Answer 8

stopping a disease from being as bad as it could be

Question 9

what is tertiary prevention of a disease?

Answer 9

stopping later complications from developing

Question 10

what are the risk factors for AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm)?

Answer 10

smoking
age
male
family history of AAA
hypertension
atherosclerosis
hyperlipidaemia
caucasian