Public Health

Question 0

When was the first outbreak of Cholera?

Answer 0

1831

Question 1

When did Louis Pasteur publish Germ Theory?

Answer 1

1861

Question 2

How many people were killed during the first outbreak of cholera?

Answer 2

50,000 people.

Question 3

When had the first cholera epidemic passed?

Answer 3

1832

Question 4

When were more outbreaks of cholera?

Answer 4

1837 and 1838

Question 5

Who was put in charge of the 1839 inquiry?

Answer 5

Edwin Chadwick.

Question 6

When was the Report of the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain published?

Answer 6

1842

Question 7

What did the Report of the Sanity Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain highlight the need for?

Answer 7

Cleaner streets and a cleaner water supply.

Question 8

What was Parliament’s attitude?

Answer 8

Laissez-faire

Question 9

When was the first Public Health Act passed?

Answer 9

1848

Question 10

How many people were killed by cholera in 1848 and 1854?

Answer 10

60,000 people and 20,000 people.

Question 11

By 1853 how many towns had set up boards of health?

Answer 11

103 towns.

Question 12

When did John Snow make his breakthrough?

Answer 12

1854

Question 13

When was the Great Stink?

Answer 13

The summer of 1858

Question 14

Who built London’s sewers?

Answer 14

Joseph Bazalgette.

Question 15

How much money was Joseph Bazalgette given to build London’s sewers by the government?

Answer 15

£3 million.

Question 16

When was the Sanitary Act passed?

Answer 16

1866

Question 17

When was the Housing Act passed?

Answer 17

1875

Question 18

When was the Public Health Act passed?

Answer 18

1875

Question 19

When were working class men given the vote?

Answer 19

1867

Question 20

What acts did Disraeli make?

Answer 20

1875 - The Food and Drugs Act

1875 - Artisans Dwelling Act

Question 21

What did Joseph Chamberlain do?

Answer 21

He demolished 90 acres of Birmingham’s slums and built open spaces.

Question 22

What were 2 model villages and their owners?

Answer 22

1. Port Sunlight built by the Lever brothers

2. Bourneville built by George Cadbury

Question 23

What did Charles Booth do and find?

Answer 23

He invented the idea of the ‘poverty line’ and found that 35% of London’s East End lives below it.

Question 24

What did Seebohm Rowntree define?

Answer 24

Primary and secondary poverty.

Question 25

What 3 things were parts of Lloyd-George's People's Budget?

Answer 25

1. Free school meals 2. 1908 - Pensions Act 3. 1911 - National Insurance Act

Question 26

What 3 reasons did Lloyd-George have to make these acts?

Answer 26

1. Needed healthy soldiers for the Boer War 2. International competition (USA, Germany) 3. The Labour Party was being introduced so he needed to gain the working class vote

Question 27

When were the main cholera epidemics?

Answer 27

1832, 1848 and 1854

Question 28

How many ml of fluid did cholera sufferers lose each hour due to diarrhoea and vomiting?

Answer 28

500ml

Question 29

What three things did people think caused cholera?

Answer 29

God, dirt in the streets and poisons in the air.

Question 30

What did Bishop Blomfield say in 1832 regarding why God sent cholera?

Answer 30

It was sent as "a sign to increase the comforts and improve the moral character of the masses"

Question 31

Who said cholera was "a sign to increase the comforts and improve the moral character of the masses" and when did they say it?

Answer 31

Bishop Blomfield in 1832

Question 32

What were drawings made of filthy streets captioned with and when were they made?

Answer 32

"A court for king cholera" in the 1840s.

Question 33

What did Dr Southwood Smith say in 1841 about miasma causing cholera?

Answer 33

"Cholera was due not to want of food and great misery... But to effluvial poisons"

Question 34

Who said "cholera was due not to want of food and great misery... But to effluvial poisons" and when did they say it?

Answer 34

Dr Southwood Smith in 1841

Question 35

Why didn't the educated and wealthier people who lived in Britain in the 1890s know the extent of poverty?

Answer 35

Because of the extreme class divide.

Question 36

Who wrote a book called 'Self Help' about how people should help themselves out of poverty?

Answer 36

Samuel Smiles

Question 37

When did the government set up an inquiry to find out the living conditions and health of the poor was like in Britain?

Answer 37

1839

Question 38

How many medical officers had been appointed by 1872?

Answer 38

50

Question 39

How many miles of sewers did Bazalgette build in London?

Answer 39

83 miles

Question 40

How many gallons were removed per day in Bazalgette's sewers?

Answer 40

420 million gallons

Question 41

When were the sewers finished by?

Answer 41

1871

Question 42

What did the 1866 Sanitary Act state?

Answer 42

Towns must install a proper water supply and sewage disposal system at once. Inspectors will check this has been done.

Question 43

What did the 1875 Housing Act state?

Answer 43

Councils have the power to pull down the worst houses in the worst areas and build better homes.

Question 44

What did the 1875 Public Health Act state?

Answer 44

Local councils must keep pavements lit, paved and clean. Sewers must be clear and rubbish cleaned from streets. Taxes may be increased to pay for this.

Question 45

In what year did the Conservative party win the election due to working class votes won partly on the basis of offers to improve public health?

Answer 45

1874

Question 46

In what year did Disraeli make The Rivers Pollution Prevention Act?

Answer 46

1876

Question 47

What beliefs did Joseph Chamberlain hold?

Answer 47

Unitarian beliefs

Question 48

Between what years did Port Sunlight exist?

Answer 48

1899 to 1914

Question 49

How many people lived in how many homes at Port Sunlight?

Answer 49

3,500 people in 800 houses

Question 50

What did both Cadbury and the Lever brothers promote in their model villages?

Answer 50

Temperance.

Question 51

When did Cadbury build Bournville?

Answer 51

1893

Question 52

What law began the use of workhouses?

Answer 52

The New Poor Law of 1834

Question 53

When were workhouses abolished?

Answer 53

1948

Question 54

What percentage of York's population was found by Seebohm Rowntree to live below the poverty line?

Answer 54

28%

Question 55

What percentage of men who volunteered to fight in the Boer war were not fit to be soldiers?

Answer 55

40%

Question 56

What year was the provision of school meals reforms made?

Answer 56

1906

Question 57

What year were school medical inspections made compulsory?

Answer 57

1907

Question 58

In what year were labour exchanges set up to help the unemployed find work?

Answer 58

1909

Question 59

What did part 1 of the 1911 National Insurance Act give people?

Answer 59

The right to free medical care and sick pay of 10s a week for 26 weeks in return for a payment of 4d a week.

Question 60

What right did part 2 of the 1911 National Insurance Act give people?

Answer 60

The right to unemployment benefit of 7s 6d a week for 15 weeks for a payment of 2 1/2d a week.