Public Fire Safety Flashcards
what are some internal problem areas and give examples
environment combustibility - proliferation of combustible materials in construction
proliferation of ignition sources - pilot lights, high temperature electrical resistors in electrical equipment, standard electrical installation
building deficiencies - lack of adequate exits, space separation, fire resistive interior finishes, fire separation (doors)
private fire protection deficiences - poorly designed and maintained fire protection systems, compromises in fire ratings and separations and minimal installation of fixed protective systems
List some responsibilities of health and safety professionals
eliminating fire causes
providing safeguards to mitigate hazards that cant be eliminates
containing small fires
preventing fire deaths and serious injuries
minimizing fire consequences for business and social life of affected community
what are some external problem areas
public apathy - lack of appreciation of resource equipments and regulatory emphasis, reduced funding due to decreased fire incidents over time
research deficiences - limited fire safety on new building products and finishes in terms of smoke emission, toxic gas release and flame spread
What is NIMS
National Incident Management System
several components that come together as a system to provide a national framework for preparing for, preventing, responding to and recovering from domestic incidents
what are the 6 components of NIMS
command and management preparedness resource management communication and info management supporting technologies ongoing management and maintenance
What are the command staff, general staff (section), branch, division, unit and task force titles
officer, chief, director, supervisor, leader and team members/leaders
What is an IAP
Incident Action Plan
What does an IAP provide
a coherent means to communicate the overall incident objectives in the context of both operational and support activities
What operational periods are IAPs developed for
12 hours long
Who does IAP depend on to accomplish response tactics
management
What are the objectives of an IAP used for
developing and issuing assignments, plans, procedures and protocols
directing efforts to attain the objectives in support of defined strategic objectives
What is done with the results of an IAP
they are documented and fed back into planning for the next operational period
What does the ICS require in terms of accountability
orderly chain of command
check in for all responders, regardless of agency affiliation
each individual involved in incident operation to be assigned 1 supervisor
What is a supervisor called
unity of command
What does BLEVE stand for
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions
what is BLEVE
a type of explosion that can occur when a vessel containing a pressurized liquid is ruptured. it can be extremely hazardous
What is BLEVE a result of
a ruptured vessel containing a liquid substantially above its atmospheric boiling point. the vapor portion may leak rapidly, lowerig the pressure inside the container causing violent boiling of the liquid which rapidly liberates large amounts of vapor which can be extremely high causing a wave of overpressure (explosion)
In BLEVE situations, how is the substance stored in the vessel
partly in liquid form with a gaseous vapor above the liquid filling the remainder of the container
what causes vessel rupture
corrosion or failure under pressure
What can also cause BLEVE
external fire near storage vessel causing heating of contents and pressure build up
Constant heating of tanks designed to withstand great pressure can cause the metal to soften and fail. True or false
true
what factor causes the tank to rupture faster
if the tank has no liquid and is being heated because the liquid wont absorb heat from metal
are relief valves a guarantee that the tank wont fail
no because the valves relief extra pressure but tank will fail if its not relieved fast enough
what susbtances are associated with BLEVE
flammable and non flammable shbstances even ones known for being extremely cold, refigerants
is BLEVE a chemical explosion
No
what is a possible aftermath of BLEVE if the substance is flammable
the resulting cloud of the substance will ignite forming a fireball and possibly fuel air explosion - vapor cloud explosion
what happens if the materials are toxic
large area will be contaminated
what is a major concern of fire fighters when attempting to control a blaze
structural collapse
why are wildland fires significant
wildland is of great importance to the overall economy and fires will lead to loss of timber, wildlife and ecosystem impairment
