Public Buildings: basilicas, temples, the forum, amphitheatres, theatres Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 categories of public buildings?

A

administrative (political)
religious
social
economic

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2
Q

list 3 examples of economic buildings:

A

shops (tabernae)
macellum (market) and vegetable market
Building of Eumachia?

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3
Q

examples of religious buildings:

A
temple of apollo
capitoline triad 
Vespasian/augustus
venus
isis
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4
Q

examples of social buildings:

A
brothels
baths
theatres
palaestra 
bars and taverns
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5
Q

examples of admin buildings:

A

basilica (law court)

comitium (voting hall)

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6
Q

What is at the top and bottom of forum?

A

top - temple of Jupiter/capitoline triad

bottom - municipal offices

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7
Q

right hand side buildings from top to bottom at the Forum in P?

A
  1. macellum
  2. Temple of the City Lares
  3. Temple of Vespasian (genius of Augustus)
  4. Building of Eumachia
  5. Comitium (voting hall, centre of political activity)
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8
Q

Left hand side buildings from top to bottom at Forum

A
  1. Latrine
  2. vegetable market
  3. Temple of Apollo
  4. Basilica (law court)
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9
Q

Amphitheatre:

A
  • used as first masonry display (gladiatorial)
  • dates from 60BC (earliest permanent stone arena structure - some wooden ones found earlier in Rome)
  • Held approx. 20 000 ppl.
  • designed for gladiatorial games (teams: pompeii and neighbouring towns like Nuceria)
  • probs had retractable awnings to cover around, shown in fresco.
  • Nero banned games as riot with Nuceria and out of control in 59AD.
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10
Q

Odean (small theatre) and large theatre?

A
  • Nero performed in Odean when AD64 earthquake struck.
  • large theatre has retractable awnings
  • food and refreshment available outside theatre in rectangular areas as long performance
  • most performances were semi-religious also entertainment
  • performances all day event
  • various greek style plays/odes performed, influenced by Greeks.
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11
Q

what was the palaestra?

A

training ground for athletes/gladiators - no women could enter

  • exercise/game field for citizens of P
  • swimming pool in centre.
  • many italian towns have one outdoor style gym.
  • open area surrounded on 3 sides by colonnades
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12
Q

what was applied to skin exfoliate?

A

olive oil, volcanic sand and ash. Strigils used to scrcape off the mixture and dead skin with it.

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13
Q

How many bath houses did P and H have?

A

P = 3
H= 1
have been excavated so far. e.g. Stabian baths

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14
Q

What pattern did bath houses follow?

A

roman baths with hot room - calidaria, warm room - tepidarium and cold room- frigidarium

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15
Q

what did baths houses have?

A

swimming pools sometimes

  • officially men and women bathed separately
  • for fee, room could be booked for co-ed parties
  • change rooms, cubby holes for patrons to put clothes in
  • clothes often got stolen, slaves guard clothes
  • in comedic performances, patrons often go home naked (mocked in them)
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16
Q

Features of brothels?

A

stone benches, sexual scene painted on wall indication.
- often have various depiction of sexual activity on internal walls

scattered thruout P and H

17
Q

what was comitium and function?

A

centre of political activity.

Assembly of voting citizens would gather here to discuss and vote on partic. issues

18
Q

Basilica?

A
  • law court building where magistrate sat as judges

- public discussions and debates

19
Q

Temple of Apollo?

A

worship of Apollo, greek god.

also contained a table of weights and measure

20
Q

the temple of jupiter was once?

A

at the end of Forum closest to Vesuvius, was probs once a most prominent site of worship in P at one time.

21
Q

The Macellum (market)?

A

selling of goods, stalls set up within or outside the walls.

22
Q

Building of Eumachia?

A

names and built after prominent Roman citizen, Eumachia (woman) at her expense. She was a priestess. Patroness of guild of fullers
dedicated to Guild of Fullers (cleaned and treated fabris) and for fuller themselves (social space?)

23
Q

What is purpose of building of Eumachia?

A

unknown

24
Q

Stabian bath?

A
  • near the gate of P, ran road to Stabiae
  • compound had larger palaestra and lost of small private rooms
  • some believe that baths also hosted prostitutes
25
Q

what was the Pompeian forum?

A

public buildings associated with admin, religion and commerce clustered in or around forum, the chief meeting and trading place in town.

26
Q

What does the forum reveal?

A

the inscriptions in forum provide evidence of local identities and magistrates, as well as revealing the Pompeians’ rel/ship with Rome.

27
Q

What does the forum look like?

A

brightly coloured
ppl cover forum walls, esp. basilica, with painted notices in vivid colours and large letter to draw attention.

large rectangular blocks in ground to prevent wheeled traffic.

28
Q

Forum at H?

A

still buried under town of Resina

29
Q

What were the 2 forums at P?

A
  • triangular forum

- main forum

30
Q

Basilica how many entrances and where did judicial tribunal sit?

A

5 entrances from the Forum and sat at rear to be separate from commercial dealings

31
Q

What was the large theatre used for?

A
  • performances in open air in daylight
  • velarium to shade audiences
  • greek and roman plays performed
32
Q

What was the small theatre, odeon, used for?

A
  • mime, music and poetry performed

- permanent wooden roof