Public Flashcards
Which phase of the public health cycle is based on epidemiological analyzes?
A) situation analysis
B) determining the intervention options
C) planning interventions
D) preparing a strategic plan
E) implementation of health promotion programsCLOSE
A) situation analysis
Whose activity can be related to the establishment of occupational health as a subdiscipline of public health?A) Max Pettenkofer B) Bernardino Ramazzini C) Fodor József D) Robert Koch E) Rachel Carlson
B) Bernardino Ramazzini
When was the eradication of smallpox declared by the WHO? A) 1967 B) 1979 C) 1993 D) 2003 E) only Europe is smallpox-free
B) 1979
To evaluate the effectiveness of public health programs, the following is essential:
A) the knowledge of mortality
B) the knowledge of morbidity
C) the screening of the population
D) establishing and operating health monitoring systems
E) the exact knowledge of the impact of the interventions
D) establishing and operating health monitoring systems
Which organization developed the Public Health Code of Ethics describing the valid ethical principles of public health activity?
A) World Health Organization (WHO)
B) American Public Health Association
C) United Nations Organization
D) European Public Health Association
E) An ad hoc committee established by the WHO for this purpose
B) American Public Health Association
Which indicator is not part of the vital statistics based on civil registries? A) fertility B) migration C) mortality D) natality E) reproduction
B) migration
Which attributable risk indicator depends on the prevalence of exposure among the population? A) incidence of exposed B) attributable risk C) attributable risk fraction D) population attributable fraction E) All of the above
D) population attributable fraction
Which statement related to odds-ratio is false?
A) it is the probability ratio of exposure among cases and controls
B) if the odds-ratio is exactly 1 then there is no relationship between the risk factors and the disease
C) it can be calculated from contingency tables
D) it can be calculated from case-control studies
A) it is the probability ratio of exposure among cases and controls
Which formula can be used to calculate the excess mortality rate? (expected number of deaths: E, observed number of deaths: O) A) (O - E) / O × 100 B) (O - E) / E × 100 C) (E - O) / O × 100 D) (E - O) / E × 100 E) none of them are true
B) (O - E) / E × 100
Which formula is used to calculate relative excess mortality rate (REMR)? (expected number of deaths: E; observed number of deaths: O) A) (O - E)/ O × 100 B) (O - E) / E × 100 C) (E - O) / O × 100 D) (E - O) / E × 100 E) none of them
A) (O - E)/ O × 100
Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) can be calculated by indirect standardization using the following formula:
A) SMR = (observed number of deaths - expected number of deaths) × 100.
B) SMR = (observed number of deaths - expected number of deaths) /observed number of deaths× 100.
C) SMR = (observed number of deaths - expected number of deaths) / expected number of deaths × 100.
D) SMR = observed number of deaths - expected number of deaths
E) none of them
E) none of them
The true statement on mortality of Hungarian men’s aged 45-64 between 1991 and 1995 was: A) higher than in 1981-1985 B) higher than in 2001-2005 C) higher than in 1920-1921 D) all of them E) none of them
D) all of them
Mortality burden of malignant tumors in Hungary:
A) is the most important related to premature adult mortality
B) takes the second place after cardiovascular diseases among premature adult deaths
C) is the most important related to old age mortality
D) has grown in the last decade
E) is not remarkabla in premature mortality among women
A) is the most important related to premature adult mortality
The prevalence of hypertension among men aged 65-74 in Hungary is approximately: A) 13-20% B) 26-40% C) 40-58% D) 48-72% E) 79-90%
D) 48-72%
Which individuals (related to their gender and family status) exhibit more complicated manifestation of reactive depression?
A) married men
B) divorced men
C) married women
D) divorced women
E) promiscuous individuals regardless of their gender
C) married women
The main aim of the North Karelia Project was:
A) to reduce cancer-related premature mortality
B) to reduce cardiovascular premature mortality
C) to reduce the mortality of mental illnesses
D) to improve the care of hypertensive patients
E) the early detection of cardiovascular diseases
B) to reduce cardiovascular premature mortality
The relative risk of premature mortality related to respiratory diseases) in Hungary compared to EU15 average A) is more than two times higher B) is more than three times higher C) is more than four times higher D) does not differ significantly () E) is 20% lower
A) is more than two times higher
Suicide mortality was characterized by the following over the past three decades in Hungary:
A) it had drastically increased
B) a temporary declining trend was followed by stagnation since the Millenium
C) more women is affected than men
D) mortality rates decreased significantly for both gender
E) The highest suicide mortality for both gender was observed in the Northern Hungary Region
D) mortality rates decreased significantly for both gender
Utilization of the findings of genomic research in public health:
A) is free of charge and widely available
B) is limited
C) genetic screening can only be used after payment
D) a complete lack of legislation is missing to ensure their implementation
E) screening tests which could prove genetic predisposition to cancer are unreliable
B) is limited
Infectious and suspected of being infectious patients detected in primary care should be reported to?
A) the local institution of inpatient care
B) the subregional public health institute competent at the regional location of the infection
C) the subregional public health institute competenet at the infected patients’residence
D) the National Public Health and Medical Office Service, National Center for Epidemiology
B) the subregional public health institute competent at the regional location of the infection
In which diseases should the persons in close contact with the infected patient undergo a 7-day epidemiological surveillance? A) dysenteria B) campylobacteriosis C) typhus abdominalis D) Hepatitis A
A) dysenteria
duration of surveilance is equal to max latency of disease. Campy= 5 days. Dysenteri=7 days. the others=longer.
In which disease is not the swine the infectious source? (Which disease is not spread by the swine?)A) Brucellosis B) Tularemia C) Listeriosis D) Taeniasis E) Trichinellosis
B) Tularemia
If a person has received a complete immunization within 5 years against lyssa, what is the applicable active immunization protocol in the case of a suspected new infection?
A) Vaccination on days 0, 7 and 21 (2-1-1 doses)
B) vaccination on days 0, 7 and 21 (1-1-1 doses)
C) vaccinaton on days 0, 3 and 7 (2-1-1 doses)
D) vaccination on days 0, 3 and 7 (1-1-1 doses)
E) vaccination on days 0 and 3 (1-1 dose)
E) vaccination on days 0 and 3 (1-1 dose)
if never before vaccinated: 2-1-1 (A)
The mean age of patients with vCJB is A) 29-30 years B) 35-40 years C) 50-60 years D) over 60 years
A) 29-30 years
variant Creutzfield Jacobs Disease =younger people.
CJD=older people.
People with hyperthyroidism are not allowed to be employed/work with exposition of (to?) which of the following heavy metals: A) arsenic B) mercury C) lead D) cadmium E) Chrome
B) mercury
Which of the following pesticides are persistent in surface waters?A) Organic phosphate esters B) Pyrethroids C) carbamate D) chlorinated hydrocarbon E) dithiocarbamates
D) chlorinated hydrocarbon
Which of the following compounds has a human teratogenic effect? A) toluene B) cobalt C) acrylamide D) formaldehyde E) methanol
A) toluene
Which acute high-dose pesticide poisoning - with other severe symptoms - causes fever of 40° C? A) carbamate B) dithiocarbamate C) phenoxycarboxylic acid derivative D) Pyrethroid E) dinitro-o-cresol
E) dinitro-o-cresol
Drinking water containing low level of magnesium will increase the incidence which of the following disease? A) heart attack B) cerebral stroke (dash) C) stomach cancer D) type 2 diabetes E) colon cancer
A) heart attack
In which organic solvent exposure are dermatological patients not allowed to work? A) benzene B) toluene C) xylene D) carbon tetrachloride E) gasoline
C) xylene
In the case of acute poisoning which of the substances below can cause - after a few weeks latency - a reversible paralysis of the lower limbs? A) formaldehyde B) trichloroyl phosphate C) acrylonitrile D) acrylamide E) vinyl chloride
B) trichloroyl phosphate
The nitrate concentration limit of drinking water for infants to drink or their food to be prepared with is: A) 10 mg / l B) 20 mg / l C) 30 mg / l D) 40 mg / l E) 50 mg / l
D) 40 mg / l
Which of the following compounds is not excreted into the breast milk? A) alcohol B) Nicotine C) dioxin D) PCB E) phenol
E) phenol
Which is the organic solvent of which occupational exposure can be measured by the concentration of urine muconic acid? A) benzene B) toluene C) xylene D) ethylene glycol E) Propyl alcohol
A) benzene
Limit of nitrite concentration A) 0.5 mg / l B) 1 mg / l C) 2 mg / l D) 3 mg / l E) 4 mg / l
A) 0.5 mg / l
Which compound is not involved in the effects caused by the Los Angeles-type smog? A) aldehydes B) ozone C) sulfur dioxide D) hydrogen peroxide E) peroxyacetyl nitrate
C) sulfur dioxide
