Puberty and The Menstrual Cycle

Question 1

what hormones start to be released at puberty and and what do they cause?

Answer 1

-sex hormones
-they trigger off secondary sexual characteristics e.g. development of facial hair and breasts in women
-they also cause eggs to mature in women

Question 2

what is the main reproductive hormone in men?

Answer 2

testosterone

Question 3

where is testosterone produced?

Answer 3

the testes

Question 4

what is the role of testosterone?

Answer 4

it stimulates sperm production

Question 5

what is the main reproductive hormone in women?

Answer 5

oestrogen

Question 6

what produces oestrogen?

Answer 6

the ovaries

Question 7

what does oestrogen do?

Answer 7

it brings about physical changes and is involved in the menstrual cycle

Question 8

what are the stages of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 8

stage 1—> this starts from day 1 when menstruation starts. The uterus lining breaks down for about 4 days
stage 2—>this lasts from day 4 to 14 and is when the uterus lining builds up again into a thick spongy layer full of blood vessles ready to receive a ferteilised egg
stage 3—>this is the stage where an egg develops and is released from the ovary at day 14 also known as ovulation
stage 4—> the wall is then maintained for about 13 days until day 28. if no fertilised egg has landed on the uterus wall by 28 the spongy lining starts to break down and the whole cycle repeats

Question 9

what are the 4 hormones that control the menstrual cycle?

Answer 9

-Oestrogen
-Progesterone
-FSH(follicle stimulating hormone)
-LH (luteinisng hormone)

Question 10

what is the role of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 10

-it causes the lining of the uterus to grow
-it stimulates the release of LH (which cause the release of an egg) and inhibits release of FSH

Question 11

where is progesterone produces?

Answer 11

-it is produced in the ovaries by the remains of the follicle after ovulation

Question 12

what is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 12

-it maintains the the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle (when the level of progesterone falls the lining breaks down)
-it inhibits the release of FSH and LH

Question 13

where is FSH produced?

Answer 13

in the pituitary gland

Question 14

what is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 14

-it causes the egg to mature in one of the ovaries in a structure called the follicle
-it stimulates the the ovaries to produce oestrogen

Question 15

where is LH produced?

Answer 15

in the pituitary gland

Question 16

what is the role of LH in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 16

it stimulates the release of an egg at day 14