PTN - Prototype Drug Prefixes/Suffixes

Question 1

-virenz

Answer 1

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

Ex: Efavirenz

Question 2

-navir

Answer 2

Protease inhibitor

Ex: atazanavir, lopinavir, ritonavir

Question 3

-teg-

Answer 3

Integrase inhibitor

Ex: raltegravir and dolutegravir

Question 4

-mab

Answer 4

Monoclonal antibodies

Ex: Adalimumab, tocilizumab

Question 5

-nercept

Answer 5

Receptor molecules, native or modified

Ex: etanercept (TNF alpha decoy receptor)

Question 6

-nakinra

Answer 6

Interleukin receptor antagonists; interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonists.

Ex: anakinra (IL-1 receptor agonist)

Question 7

-tinib

Answer 7

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

ex: imatinib, tofacitinib

Question 8

-trexate

Answer 8

Anti-metabolite of folic acid derivatives

Ex: methotrexate

Question 9

-uridine

Answer 9

Anti-neoplastics of uridine derivatives

Ex: Floxuridine

Question 10

-citabine

Answer 10

Anti-neoplastic agent of cytarabine derivatives (inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and DNA pol alpha/beta

Ex: gemcitabine

Question 11

-arabine

Answer 11

Anti-neoplastics (inhibits DNA pol alpha and beta and ribonucleotide reductase)

Ex: fludarabine, cytarabine

Question 12

-rubicin

Answer 12

Anti-neoplastic that intercalates DNA and blocks RNA/DNA synthesis

Does not cross BBB

Ex: doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin

Question 13

-sulfan

Answer 13

Anti-neoplastics: alkylating agent

Ex: busulfan

Question 14

-zomib

Answer 14

Proteasome inhibitor

Ex: bortezomib

Question 15

-tocin

Answer 15

Anti-neoplastic oxytocin derivative

Causes diabetes

Ex: streptozocin

Question 16

-mustine

Answer 16

Anti-neoplastic - forms DNA cross-links to inhibit DNA synthesis

Crosses BBB

Ex: carmustine, lomustine

Question 17

-ine

Answer 17

Alkylating agent

Question 18

Vin-

Answer 18

Vinca alkyloids (anti-neoplastic)

Prevents tubulin polymerization –> inhibits mitosis –> cell cycle arrest

Ex: vinblastine, vincristine, and vinorelbine

Question 19

-taxel

Answer 19

Taxane derivatives (anti-neoplastics)

Binds and stabilizes microtubules to prevent depolymerization –> blocks cell cycle progression

Ex: paclitaxel, docetaxel

Question 20

-ifen

Answer 20

Anti-estrogens

Ex: tamoxifen

Question 21

-rozole

Answer 21

Aromatase inhibitors

Ex: anastrozole, letrozole

Question 22

-utamide

Answer 22

Non-steroidal anti-androgens

Treat prostate cancer

Ex: bicalutamide, flutamide, nilutamide

Question 23

-relin

Answer 23

Prehormones or hormone-release stimulating peptides subgroups

GnRH analog

Ex: goserelin

Question 24

-platin

Answer 24

Anti-neoplastics (platinum derived)

Cross-link DNA –> inhibits DNA/RNA synthesis

Testicular, ovarian, and bladder cancer

Ex: cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin

Question 25

-tecan

Answer 25

Topoisomerase 1 inhibitor

Single-strand DNA breaks –> blocks S-phase

Ex: Irinotecan, topotecan

Question 26

-topo-

Answer 26

Topoisomerase inhibitor

Ex: etoposide (inhibits topo II)

Question 27

-fenib

Answer 27

B-raf inhibitors

Ex: sorafenib

Question 28

-parin

Answer 28

Heparin-derivatives and low molecular weight heparins

Ex: enoxaparin, heparin

Question 29

-gatran

Answer 29

Thrombin inhibitors

Ex: dabigatran

Question 30

-xaban

Answer 30

Anticoagulant (Factor Xa inhibitor)

Ex: rivaroxaban

Question 31

-xa-

Answer 31

Factor Xa inhibitor

Ex: Enoxaparin, rovaroxaban

Question 32

-teplase

Answer 32

Tissue Plasminogen Activators (tPA)

Ex: alteplase

Question 33

-xo

Answer 33

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Treats gout

Ex: febuxostat

Question 34

List the drugs that function by inhibiting DNA polymerase alpha and beta.

Answer 34

-rabine and -ibine drugs

• Fludarabine
• Cladribine
• Cytarabine
• Gemcitabine - hemolytic uremic syndrome

All cause myelosuppression, GI upset, and neuropathy