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Additional Lectures Neuro T1 > Pterygopalatine Fossa > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

External Nose Cartilage

A
  • lateral nasal cartilage
  • major alar cartilage (tip and hole)

-minor alar cartilages
—posterior to major

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2
Q

Bones of Nasal Cavity

A

Wall:

  • perpendicular plate of ethmoid
  • vomer bone

Roof:

  • Frontal bone (frontal sinus)
  • Ethmoid
  • sphenoid sinus

Floor:

  • Palatine process of maxilla
  • horizontal plate of palatine
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3
Q

Respiratory area

A

Inferior 2/3 of nasal cavity

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4
Q

Olfactory area

A

Beneath ethmoid bone, lined with olfactory n

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5
Q

Spheno-ethmoidal Recess

A

Opening of sphenoid sinus to nasal cavity

-above and more posterior to superior nasal concha

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6
Q

Superior nasal meatus

A
  • openings of ethmoidal sinuses

- below superior nasal concha

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7
Q

Middle Nasal Meatus

A

Opening of frontal sinus (to anterior, before semilunar hiatus) and maxillary sinus to posterior of semilunar hiatus

Below middle nasal concha

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8
Q

Inferior nasal meatus

A

Underneath inferior nasal concha
-opens for nasolacrimal duct

Why nose runs when crying

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9
Q

Maxillary artery of Nasal Cavity

A

Gives off branches:

  • sphenopalatine
  • anterior and posterior ethmoidal a
  • greater palatine a
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10
Q

Facial Artery and Nasal Cavity

A

Superior labial a
-upper lip

Lateral nasal Branches
-side of nose

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11
Q

Kiesselbach area

A

Where all 5 nasal arteries meet; can bleed profusely

Sphenopalatine a most important

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12
Q

5 arteries of Keisselbach area

A
  • Sphenopalatine**
  • anterior and posterior ethmoidal a
  • greater palatine
  • superior labial
  • lateral nasal branches
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13
Q

Venous Drainage from Nasal Cavity

A

Into sphenopalatine, facial and ophthalmic veins

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14
Q

Maxillary Sinus

A

Drains via maxillary optimum into middle meatus

A: superior alveolar branches of maxillary a and greater palatine a

N: superior alveolar n branches (V2)

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15
Q

Ethmoid Sinus

A

Air cells between orbits; drain into middle meatus and superior meatus

Arterial supply: ethmoidal a (from ophthalmic a)

N: nasocilliary n (CN V1)

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16
Q

Sphenoid Sinus

A

Drains via spheno-ethmoidal recess

A: posterior ethmoid a

N: posterior ethmoid n (V1)

17
Q

Frontal Sinus

A

Drains via frontonasal duct into semilunar hiatus of middle meatus

A: supraorbital a and anterior ethmoidal a

N: supraorbital n (V1)

18
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa

A

Small space found inferior to apex of orbit

19
Q

Openings of Pterygopalatine Fossa

A

Lateral: pterygomaxillary fissure

Posterior: pharyngeal canal, Pterygoid canal, foramen rotundum

Medial: sphenopalatine foramen

Inferior: palatine canal

Superior: inferior orbital fissure

20
Q

Contents of pterygopalatine fossa:

A

Maxillary N (CN V2)

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Third part of Maxillary A

21
Q

Maxillary N Within the Pterygopalatine Fossa

A

Maxillary n
-Zygomatic N
—zygomaticofacial n
—zygomaticotemporal n—>comm branches conveys psym to lacrimal n (V1)

-pterygopalatine n

22
Q

Parasympathetics of Pterygopalatine Fossa

A

Facial N sends fibers to pterygopalatine ganglion via greater petrosal n

From here, ganglion sends psym fibers via zygomatic nerve (V2), which then sends communicating branches to Lacrimal N (V2) to lacrimal gland

23
Q

Sympathetics of Pterygopalatine Fossa

A

Presynaptic sympathetic fibers are from superior cervical ganglion, send deep petrosal n via internal carotid plexus to pterygopalatine ganglion
—deep petrosal n joins w maxillary n (CNV2) in ganglion

24
Q

Branches of Maxillary A: Mandibular Part

A

Inferior alveolar a: to mandible and teeth

Anterior Tympanic A: tympanic cavity

Deep Auricular: TMJ, external auditory canal

Middle Meningeal: Meninges, and trigeminal ganglion

Accessory Meningeal: otic ganglion

25
Q

Branches of Maxillary A: Pterygoid (Muscular) Part

A

Masseteric a: masseter and TMJ

Deep Temporal a: temporalis m

Pterygoid branches: pterygoid muscles

Buccal: buccinator

26
Q

Branches of Maxillary A: Pterygopalatine Part

A

Descending Palatine a :Hard palate, soft palate

Posterosuperior alveolar a: maxillary molars

Infraorbital A: maxillary alveoli

A of pterygoid canal:

Sphenopalatine: lateral wall of nasal cavity, nasal septum

27
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa BoundariesA

A 
Superior: Sphenoid B
Anterior: Maxillary Tuberosity
Medial: palatine B
Posterior: Pterygoid Process of Sphenoid
Inferior: none; retropharyngeal space
28
Q

What enters and exits the pterygomaxillary fissure?

A

The Maxillary A enters, the posterior superior alveolar n exits

29
Q

What enters and exits the pterygoid canal?

A

The N to Pterygoid canal enters, while the a of pterygoid canal leaves

30
Q

What enters the foramen rotundum?

A

The maxillary V2 branch of trigeminal enters

31
Q

What exits the pharyngeal canal?

A

The pharyngeal a and n

32
Q

What exits palatine canal?

A

The greater and lesser palatine a and n

33
Q

What exits the sphenopalatine foramen?

A

The nasopalatine n, the posterior superior nasal n, and sphenopalatine a

34
Q

What exits the inferior orbital fissure?

A

The zygomatic n carrying Psym and Sym, and infraorbital a and N

Additional Lectures Neuro T1 (11 decks)

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