Pt5 HOMICIDE AND SERIOUS CRIME VICTIMS Flashcards by Liam Erickson

What are the 3 key elements of a homicide?

Victim
Suspect
Location

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List 4 responsibilities of the OC Body:

(1) Ensure death has been CERTIFIED
(2) Note and record all OBSERVATIONS
(3) Maintain CHAIN OF CUSTODY
(4) Attend POSTMORTEM
(5) SECURE and LABEL all exhibits associated with the body

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Who should view the body in situ:
Who’s responsibility is it to arrange this?

OC INVESTIGSTION should arrange a viewing for the:
(1) PATHOLOGIST
(2) CROWN SOLICITOR

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In order to properly brief experts what information must have been gathered from the scene: (list 5)

(1) ACTIONS of first responders
(2) PHOTOS / VIDEO
(3) IDENTITY
(4) TIMEFRAMES
(5) Information from OTHER EXPERTS

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What other APPRECIATION must be done before the body is MOVED?

What value OTHER EXPERTS could contribute before the body is moved.

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What should be included in the APPRECIATION before the body is removed?

The Standing Operating Proceedure (SOP).

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What must happen with PPE used at the scene after it is used?

It must be placed in a bag and DESTROYED. (Unless it needs to be retained as evidence).

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What is a useful feature of recording a SOP in the APPRECIATION?

It can be referred to in staff notes rather than recording every detail in their notebooks.

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What must you DO and NOT DO when it becomes apparent that the body has been moved or the scene altered:

(1) Do not attempt to restore the scene back to it’s original state.
(2) Make ENQUIRIES as to what the the original state was like and record this for later reconstruction.

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(1) Give 4 examples of SAMPLES that may be taken from the body before it is moved?
(2) Why would they be take now?
(3) What must be done before the samples are taken?

(1)
● Larvae and insects
● DNA swabs
● Potential FINGERPRINTS from skin and suitable clothing
● Loose Extraneous items such as hairs, fibres, glass, paint, other fragments.
● Firearm residue

(2) To preserve evidence that may be lost during movement.

(3) The relevant EXPERT should be consulted before the sample is taken.

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List 5 things that must be recorded before the body is removed:

(1) POITION (sketch / photograph)
(2) POSITION (measure from reference points)
(3) POSITION (of limbs)
(4) APPEARANCE of the body
(5) APPEARANCE of clothing and blood trails

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List 5 TASKS, PREPARATIONS or CONSIDERATIONS before moving the body:

(1) HIGIENE and health risks
(2) COVER limbs and head with bags
(3) MATERIALS and FASTENERS to use for covering.
(4) CONTAMINATION with other objects
(5) SEARCH under the body

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APPRECIATION prior to requesting PM
List 4 things likely to be considered:

(1) What SAMPLING will be required
(2) FAMILY or CULTURAL requirements
(3) Likelihood for 2nd PM
(4) CONSULTATION with the pathologist.

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What are the 3 main responsibilities of the OC body during the PM:

(1) OBSERVE
(2) DOCUMENT
(3) SECURE EXHIBITS

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What is the PRIMARY reason for conducting a PM?

To find the CAUSE OF DEATH.

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List 5 examples of what may be determined from the PM:

(1) MODE of death
(2) TIME of death
(3) What CONTRIBUTED to the death
(4) Details about the WEAPON used
(5) Victim IDENTITY
(6) Further LINES OF ENQUIRY

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According to the CORONERS ACT 2006, who may attend a PM:
(List 4).

(1) PARHOLOGIST
(2) CORONER
(3) DOCTOR representing the SUSPECT
(4) DOCTOR representing the deceased
(5) POLICE
(6) Any person APPROVED by the Coroner

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Which Police staff should attend the PM:

OC Investigation
OC body
Photographer
SOCO
Exhibits officer (if required).
Any other expert required

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Particular consideration should be given to seeking which 2 parties to attend the PM:

(1) ESR forensic scientist
(2) Crown Solicitor

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List 4 experts whose consultation may assist in planning the PM in specific cases:

(1) Balistic Expert
(2) Anthropologist
(3) Toxicologist
(4) Entomologist

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List 4 equipment/supplies the OC needs to bring to the PM:

(1) MEK
(2) Toxigology kit
(3) Body label, preprinted labels
(4) Exhibit packaging supplies
(5) PPE
(6) Firearms residue kit

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Must Maori be given the opportunity to bless the site of death before the body is moved?

Yes.

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Do Maori accord varying degrees of tapu to different parts of the body?

Yes

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What word do Maori use to refer to bones?

Koiwi

List 4 alternative ways of establishing IDENTITY other than visual recognition of the face:

(1) Finger prints (2) DNA (3) Dental (4) Tattoos (5) Eye examination records

What 5 things must the pathologist be supplied with before the PM commences:

(1) POL 47 Notice to the Coroner (2) MEK (3) Toxicology kit (4) Medical records (5) Photos (Scene, weapons, body in situ).

List 4 steps in STRIPPING THE BODY:

(1) Remove the body from the fridge (2) Remove the body from the bag (3) Photograph the body before clothing removal (4) Remove and document each item of clothing (5) Package exhibit each item separately

What method of examination may aid in location of fibers, bruises, or fingerprints related to death by strangulation?

Poly-light examination.

What 3 things must the OC Investigstion (or their deputy) ensure the Pathologist carry out:

(1) Record DESCRIPTION of the body (Height, weight, eye color etc) (2) Record APPEARANCE (Injuries, scars, prosthetics) (3) Uses SPECIALIST KITS

What is the default position if there is any doubt whether a particular sample should be taken during the PM?

Take the sample.

What does the OC Body do with the exhibits after the PM?

(1) Ensure the exhibits are DRY and packaged suitably to avoid decay (2) Hand the exhibits to OC EXHIBITS (3) Provide OC Exhibits with - PM Scene Exhibit Schedule - Copy of NOTEBOOK - FORMAL STATEMENT

What 4 things must the OC Body include in the 1S file to the Coroner:

(1) Formal Identification Statement (2) POL 47 (3) POL 265 Cert of Death (4) POL 265A Deceased Person Identification.

What 3 reasons may require a SECOND Post Mortem:

(1) UNDETERMINED Cause of death (2) Suspect seeks INDEPENDENT post mortem (3) SOLICITOR GENERAL orders it

What is the most common reason for bodily samples to be taken during a PM?

To detect the presence of drugs or poisons.

Why are police toxicology kits preferred for collecting blood and urine samples rather than the regular sterile vials used by the medical profession?

The gel in the medical vials may distort the forensic tests results.

What can analysis of stomach contents help determine: (3 things)

(1) Nature of last meal (2) Cause of death (3) Time of death

What value can head or pubic hair provide: (2 things)

(1) Act as a CONTROL to distinguish between the victims hair from other hair found (2) To provide DNA in the absence of any other source

What purpose is Ocular Fluid sampled:

More accurate measure of drug or alcohol taken at the time of death. Decomposition can produce alcohol in blood.

What usefulness can analysis of bile provide?

It can reveal more about any drugs taken in the days before death, rather what was consumed at the time of death.

What usefulness can analysis of bile provide?

It can reveal more about any drugs taken in the days before death, rather what was consumed at the time of death.

What usefulness can lung samples provide:

What may have been inhaled at the time of death e.g. water, smoke, accelerants, diatoms etc.

What usefulness can nasal flushing provide?

This may reveal the presence of pollen that may give an indication where the victim was killed.

What are 2 primary considerations when dealing with families of the deceased?

(1) INFORMATION (lots of information is required from the family) (2) SUPPORT (The family will likely need a great deal of support).

What is the PRIMARY role of the FLO, is it as Investigstor or a Support person?

INVESTIGATOR, however they must also facilitate the provision of support.

What is the RELATIONSHIP between the Investigation and the Family of the deceased?

A PARTNERSHIP

List 4 considerations for a Family Liaison Plan:

(1) Conducting INTERVIEWS (2) INFORMATION to be released/withheld (3) COMPLAINT resolution (4) SUSPECT in the family (5) EXIT plan

Exit Plan: What should an FLO ensure before standing down from their role:

That VICTIM SUPPORT services are ongoing.

Who is considered FAMILY?

The term includes anyone having a DIRECT and CLOSE relationship with the victim. Any 'CHOSEN' family.

Who should choose who should represent the family as the point of contact for the FLO?

The FAMILY should choose this person.

Should the Suspects family be offered an FLO?

Yes. Their family may be an important source of information and they may also have support needs too.

Action on appointment. What should the FLO FAMILIARISE themselves with as soon as possible (list 4):

(1) INFORMATION that can be shared or held back from the family (2) Be BRIEFED on the investigation (3) COMPOSITION and DYNAMICS of the family (4) Awareness of any INTELLIGENCE (5) What information is already in the PUBLIC DOMAIN

What other tasks may the FLO perform:

(1) Preparing or obtaining a FAMILY TREE (2) PROFILING the victim (3) TAKING STATEMENTS

In terms of RECORD KEEPING what 2 things should the FLO do:

(1) Have a DEDICATED notebook for family contacts (2) Record JOB SHEETS where necessary

FLO - Early Stages. What tasks must the FLO perform in the beginning:

(1) Provide immediate information to the family on what happens next. (2) Provide the NOK the booklet, 'What happens when someone dies'. (2) Establish what the family knows so far, rumors or otherwise. (3) Identify any PROTECTION requirements (4) FACILITATE any transport or housing needs.

Victims (families) of HOMICIDE may be entitled to some government support such as:

(1) $1500 grant (2) Free counseling (3) ACC may help with burial costs

Should the FLO participate in any Suspect identification proceedures?

No.

When would a profile of the VICTIMS LIFESTYLE be most helpful?

When there is a body but no witnesses to what had happened.

When examining the victims lifestyle, sources of information usually fit into which two catagories of information:

(1) PEOPLE (2) PASSIVE DATA FRIENDS, COLLEAGUES, ASSOCIATES NIA DATA, MEDICAL HISTORY, PHONE RECORDS, BANKING HISTORY, PHOTOS AND DIARIES.