Pt Position/Annotations/Physical Exam

Question 1

What is the best position for scanning breast? (3)

Answer 1

1. Supine
2. Side of investigation’s arm raised
3. 45 deg angle

Question 2

Why is supine arm raised the best position?

Answer 2

Allows the breast to be as flat and thin and uniform as possible

Question 3

What position is best used to investigate lesions within the medial aspect of the breast?

Answer 3

Supine

Question 4

What are 2 distinct components of a physical exam?

Answer 4

1. Visual inspection
2. Breast palpation

Question 5

What are 7 signs to look for on a breast physical exam?

Answer 5

1. Breast asymmetry
2. Skin retraction (dimpling) or bulging
3. Nipple inversion
4. Notice of nipple discharge
5. Signs of inflammation
6. Bruising
7. Presence of scars

Question 6

What does glandular tissue feel like? What is it described as?

Answer 6

Lobulated, granular or irregular
- described as tapioca

Question 7

What do older women’s breasts often feel like?

Answer 7

Stringy

Question 8

What are 3 types of scanning techniques?

Answer 8

1. Linear
2. Radial/convergent
3. Zig zag

Question 9

How does a linear scanning technique work?

Answer 9

Scanning in sag and trans

Question 10

How does a radial/convergent scanning technique work?

Answer 10

Evaluating on an oblique to the nipple

Question 11

What is radial scanning good for?

Answer 11

Good for looking at the ductal system when someone has nipple discharge

Question 12

What is the most popular method for scanning?

Answer 12

Radial

Question 13

What is 90 deg of radial scanning called?

Answer 13

Anti-radial

Question 14

Orthogonal planes *

Answer 14

90 deg to the scan plane
- this needs to be done for every lesion seen

Question 15

What is the zig zag method also known as?

Answer 15

Lawn mower method

Question 16

What scanning method is best used the axilla?

Answer 16

Linear method

Question 17

What does orthogonal mean?

Answer 17

90 deg to each plane

Question 18

What does applying pressure to the breast tissue do? (3)

Answer 18

1. Reduces the thickness of the tissue under investigation
2. Helps to improve axial and lateral resolution in the far field
3. Helps to eliminate artifacts

Question 19

What is the compressibility of fatty tissue/lipoma?

Answer 19

> 30%

Question 20

What is the compressibility of fibroadenoma?

Answer 20

10-25%

Question 21

What is the compressibility of carcinoma?

Answer 21

<15%

Question 22

What type of tissue is most compressible?

Answer 22

Fatty tissue/lipoma

Question 23

Where do lesions appear to be closer to the chest wall?

Answer 23

In ultrasound
- mammo pull and US pushes

Question 24

UOQ

Answer 24

Upper outer quadrant

Question 25

LOQ

Answer 25

Lower outer quadrant

Question 26

UIQ

Answer 26

Upper inner quadrant

Question 27

LIQ

Answer 27

Lower inner quadrant

Question 28

A (breast location)

Answer 28

Anterior third of breast

Question 29

B (breast location)

Answer 29

Mid breast

Question 30

C (breast location)

Answer 30

Posterior third of breast

Question 31

Zone 1 (breast location)

Answer 31

Near the nipple

Question 32

Zone 2 (breast location)

Answer 32

Midway within the breast - mammary zone

Question 33

Zone 3 (breast location)

Answer 33

At the periphery of the breast

Question 34

Layer A (breast location)

Answer 34

Nearest the transducer

Question 35

Layer B (breast location)

Answer 35

In the mid breast - midway between the nipple and chest wall

Question 36

Layer C (breast location)

Answer 36

Near the chest wall

Question 37

SA

Answer 37

Subareolar - behind the nipple

Question 38

AX

Answer 38

Axillary